Chapter 3

Question 1

descriptive statistics

Answer 1

methods that summarize the characteristics of data

Question 2

inferential statistics

Answer 2

use sample statistics to make generalizations about a population

Question 3

rounding rule

Answer 3

round to one extra decimal place that is present in the original data set

Question 4

measure of center

Answer 4

represents the center/middle of the data

Question 5

mean

Answer 5

add all data values and divide by amount of data values

Question 6

x̅

Answer 6

mean found using sample data

Question 7

μ

Answer 7

mean found using population data

Question 8

median

Answer 8

middle value of the data set

Question 9

x~

Answer 9

median symbol

Question 10

mode

Answer 10

data value with the highest frequency

Question 11

midrange

Answer 11

(max value + min value) / 2

Question 12

range

Answer 12

max value - min value

Question 13

standard deviation

Answer 13

determines how much the data values deviate from the mean of the data set (x-x̅ )

Question 14

variance

Answer 14

standard deviation^2

Question 15

s

Answer 15

standard deviance found using sample data

Question 16

σ

Answer 16

standard deviance found using population data

Question 17

range rule of thumb

Answer 17

based on the idea that roughly 95% of the data lies within 2 standard deviations of the mean

Question 18

minimum usual value

Answer 18

[(mean)-2]x[standard deviance]

Question 19

maximum usual value

Answer 19

[(mean)+2]x[standard deviance]

Question 20

z-score

Answer 20

number of standard deviations a data value is from the mean of the data set

Question 21

z-score formula (sample notation)

Answer 21

(x-x̅)/s

Question 22

z-score formula (population notation)

Answer 22

(x-μ)/σ

Question 23

rounding rule for z-score

Answer 23

round to 2 decimal places

Question 24

quartiles

Answer 24

divides the data set into 4 groups

Question 25

5-number summary

Answer 25

min data value, Q1, median, Q3, max data value

Question 26

skeletal boxplot

Answer 26

graph used to compare the 5 number summary of 2 different data sets together

Question 27

modified boxplot

Answer 27

graph used to determine outliers