Chapter 3

Question 1

Heredity

Answer 1

the passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring

Question 2

Dominant Trait

Answer 2

the trait observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred

Question 3

Recessive Trait

Answer 3

a trait that reappears in the second generation when parents with different traits are bred.

Question 4

Gene

Answer 4

one set of instructions for an inherited trait.

Question 5

Allele

Answer 5

one of the alternative forms of a gene

Question 6

Phenotype

Answer 6

an organisms appearance or other characteristic

Question 7

Genotype

Answer 7

the entire genetic makeup of an organism; also the combination of genes for one or more specific traits.

Question 8

Homologous Chromosomes

Answer 8

chromosomes that have the sequence of genes and the same structure

Question 9

Meiosis

Answer 9

a process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus

Question 10

Sex chromosome

Answer 10

one of the pair of chromosomes hat determine the sex of an individual

Question 11

pedigree

Answer 11

a diagram that shows the occurrence of a genetic trait in several generations of a family.