Chapter 3

Question 1

Prokaryote cell envelope consist of?

Answer 1

cytoplasmic membrane, cell wall, capsule (if present)

Question 2

Regarding cell structure, the function of cell wall include:

a. preventing destruction with changes in osmotic pressure
b. containing the components for cellular respiration
c. preventing the cell from bursting
d. storing nutrients

Answer 2

a and c

Question 3

a gel like substance that fills the region between cytoplasmic membrane and the outer membrane in Gram-negative bacteria is called___

Answer 3

periplasm

Question 4

True or false, injecting LPS into animal causes symptoms characteristic of live bacteria.

Answer 4

True. because the body’s defense systems can detect LPS, and use that information to determine if Gram-negative bacteria are present

Question 5

How does penicillin affect peptidoglycan?

Answer 5

It prevents cross-linking of adjacent glycan chains, interferes with the synthesis of peptidoglycan and inhibits enzymes that make peptidoglycan

Question 6

Brief exposure to heat or certain chemicals can induce an endospore to _____, resulting in the formation of a vegetative cell

Answer 6

germinate

Question 7

bacteria cells have ____ (number) chromosome(s)

Answer 7

one

Question 8

one endospore give rise to ___ vegetative cell

Answer 8

one