Chapter 3

Question 1

TorF. The Guide applies to both vertebrate and invertebrate animals.

Answer 1

T

Question 2

Define poikilothermic animals and give examples of some.

Answer 2

Core body temp varies with the environment, with limited ability to metabolically maintain core temps. Fish Amphibians Reptiles

Question 3

Define microenvironment

Answer 3

The physical environenment directly surrounding the animal, such as cage, pen or stall. Primary enclosure

Question 4

What is the macroenvironment?

Answer 4

The room, barn, outdoor habitat. The secondary enclosure

Question 5

What is the the thermoneutral zone (TNZ)

Answer 5

The ambient temperature range at which thermoregulation occurs without the need to increase metabolic heat production or evaporative heat loss

Question 6

What do LCT and UCT stand for?

Answer 6

Lower and Upper critical temperatures. These bound the TNZ

Question 7

What are the upper and lower boundaries of the TNZ for mice?

Answer 7

26-34 C

Question 8

Dry bulb temperatures in animal rooms should be set above or below the LCT to avoid heat stress.

Answer 8

below

Question 9

What is the acceptable range for relative humidity for most species

Answer 9

30-70%

Question 10

What is an acceptable guide line for the number of air changes per hour in animal rooms

Answer 10

10-15

Question 11

If exhaust air is to be recycled, with what should it be flitered, at a minimum

Answer 11

85-95% ASHRAE efficient filters, to remove airborn particles

Question 12

What does ASHRAE stand for?

Answer 12

American society of Heating Refrigeration and Air-conditioning engineers

Question 13

What type of rodents were used as a basis to establish room illunination levels?

Answer 13

albino rodents, because they are most sensitive to phototoxic retinopathy

Question 14

What is an appropriate light intensity for albino rodents.

Answer 14

325 lux (30 ft candles) at 1M off the floor

Question 15

What is the light intensity that albino rats prefer?

Answer 15

less than 25lux

Question 16

Light intensity decreases or increases with the square of the distance from the source?

Answer 16

decreases

Question 17

Noise louder than ____ can reduce fertility in rodents

Answer 17

85dB

Question 18

At what dB level is hearing protection likely necessary for personnel

Answer 18

85dB

Question 19

T or F. It is ok to listen to radios in animal areas

Answer 19

T. but only if approved as part of the protocol or enrichment program. And should be turned off at the end of the day

Question 20

T or F. It is acceptable to use wood in primary enclosures

Answer 20

T. But only in appropriate circumstances, such as outdoor corrals, perches, climbing structures, and only if replaced periodically when damaged or difficult to clean

Question 21

Is it acceptable to count food bowls, litter boxes or enrichment devices on the floor of an enclosure as part of the floor space?

Answer 21

No, these should not be counted

Question 22

What is the minimum recommended space for a female mouse and her litter?

Answer 22

51 square inches and 5inches high

Question 23

WHat is the minimum recommended space for a rat and her litter

Answer 23

124 sq inches and 7 inches high

Question 24

What is the minimum height recommendation for hamsters?

Answer 24

6 inches

Question 25

T or F. It is acceptable to house larger groups of animals at higher densities than small groups or single animals.

Answer 25

T

Question 26

What is a certified diet.

Answer 26

Has been screened for contaminents, ofter used or required for FDA/GLP studies

Question 27

What is a purified diet?

Answer 27

Each ingredient of the diet contains a single nutrient (or class of nutrient)

Question 28

What is a chemically defined diet

Answer 28

contain the most elemental diet ingredients (such as specific amino acids or sugars)

Question 29

Cedar shaving are not recommended because they emit ______

Answer 29

aromatic hydrocarbons

Question 30

T or F. Bedding can influence mucosal immunity?

Answer 30

T

Question 31

What is the effective temperature range of water at which disinfection can be acheived

Answer 31

143-180F

Question 32

When is toe clipping considered an approrpiate and possible preferable method of identification in mice

Answer 32

if they are less than 7d old, and when toe clipping and genotyping are combined

Question 33

T or F. Chloramines and Chlorine must be removed from or neutralized before use in aquatic system

Answer 33

T | They are are toxic to fish and amphibians.

Question 34

What is included in the life support system for aquatic species

Answer 34

physical structure used to contain the water and the animals, and all the equipment used to move and/or treat the water

Question 35

What is a recirculating system for aquatic species?

Answer 35

water is continuously moved around a system

Question 36

What is a static system for aquatic species

Answer 36

what does not move, it is periodically changed

Question 37

What is a flow through system

Answer 37

Water is constantly being replaced

Question 38

Give examples of artificial water

Answer 38

treated by reverse osmosis or distilling

Question 39

What is treated water?

Answer 39

Water that comes in generally through a municipal tap

Question 40

WHat is the purpose of a biofilter?

Answer 40

changes ammonia to nitrite and nitrate (via nitrfying bacteria)

Question 41

What is the purpose of the carbon filter?

Answer 41

To remove dissolved chemicals

Question 42

What is the purpose of the ultraviolet or ozone unit?

Answer 42

to disinfect the tank

Question 43

How big must the biofilter be?

Answer 43

of sufficient size (contain the appropriate number of bacteria) to process the bioload

Question 44

T or F. Aerosolization should be used in an aquatic environment

Answer 44

F. This should be limited due to the potential to spread pathogens

Question 45

What is the typical housing density for zebra fish in the US

Answer 45

5 fish per liter

Question 46

T or F. Latex gloves should be used for handling amphibians to keep from disrupting the protective mucus layer of the skin

Answer 46

F. Latex gloves have been associated with toxicity in some amphibians

Question 47

What factors contribute to the growth of algea and cyanobacteria

Answer 47

Light, nitrogen and phosphorus