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The Guide > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

TorF. The Guide applies to both vertebrate and invertebrate animals.

A

T

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2
Q

Define poikilothermic animals and give examples of some.

A

Core body temp varies with the environment, with limited ability to metabolically maintain core temps. Fish Amphibians Reptiles

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3
Q

Define microenvironment

A

The physical environenment directly surrounding the animal, such as cage, pen or stall. Primary enclosure

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4
Q

What is the macroenvironment?

A

The room, barn, outdoor habitat. The secondary enclosure

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5
Q

What is the the thermoneutral zone (TNZ)

A

The ambient temperature range at which thermoregulation occurs without the need to increase metabolic heat production or evaporative heat loss

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6
Q

What do LCT and UCT stand for?

A

Lower and Upper critical temperatures. These bound the TNZ

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7
Q

What are the upper and lower boundaries of the TNZ for mice?

A

26-34 C

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8
Q

Dry bulb temperatures in animal rooms should be set above or below the LCT to avoid heat stress.

A

below

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9
Q

What is the acceptable range for relative humidity for most species

A

30-70%

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10
Q

What is an acceptable guide line for the number of air changes per hour in animal rooms

A

10-15

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11
Q

If exhaust air is to be recycled, with what should it be flitered, at a minimum

A

85-95% ASHRAE efficient filters, to remove airborn particles

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12
Q

What does ASHRAE stand for?

A

American society of Heating Refrigeration and Air-conditioning engineers

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13
Q

What type of rodents were used as a basis to establish room illunination levels?

A

albino rodents, because they are most sensitive to phototoxic retinopathy

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14
Q

What is an appropriate light intensity for albino rodents.

A

325 lux (30 ft candles) at 1M off the floor

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15
Q

What is the light intensity that albino rats prefer?

A

less than 25lux

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16
Q

Light intensity decreases or increases with the square of the distance from the source?

A

decreases

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17
Q

Noise louder than ____ can reduce fertility in rodents

A

85dB

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18
Q

At what dB level is hearing protection likely necessary for personnel

A

85dB

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19
Q

T or F. It is ok to listen to radios in animal areas

A

T. but only if approved as part of the protocol or enrichment program. And should be turned off at the end of the day

20
Q

T or F. It is acceptable to use wood in primary enclosures

A

T. But only in appropriate circumstances, such as outdoor corrals, perches, climbing structures, and only if replaced periodically when damaged or difficult to clean

21
Q

Is it acceptable to count food bowls, litter boxes or enrichment devices on the floor of an enclosure as part of the floor space?

A

No, these should not be counted

22
Q

What is the minimum recommended space for a female mouse and her litter?

A

51 square inches and 5inches high

23
Q

WHat is the minimum recommended space for a rat and her litter

A

124 sq inches and 7 inches high

24
Q

What is the minimum height recommendation for hamsters?

A

6 inches

25
Q

T or F. It is acceptable to house larger groups of animals at higher densities than small groups or single animals.

A

T

26
Q

What is a certified diet.

A

Has been screened for contaminents, ofter used or required for FDA/GLP studies

27
Q

What is a purified diet?

A

Each ingredient of the diet contains a single nutrient (or class of nutrient)

28
Q

What is a chemically defined diet

A

contain the most elemental diet ingredients (such as specific amino acids or sugars)

29
Q

Cedar shaving are not recommended because they emit ______

A

aromatic hydrocarbons

30
Q

T or F. Bedding can influence mucosal immunity?

A

T

31
Q

What is the effective temperature range of water at which disinfection can be acheived

A

143-180F

32
Q

When is toe clipping considered an approrpiate and possible preferable method of identification in mice

A

if they are less than 7d old, and when toe clipping and genotyping are combined

33
Q

T or F. Chloramines and Chlorine must be removed from or neutralized before use in aquatic system

A

T

They are are toxic to fish and amphibians.

34
Q

What is included in the life support system for aquatic species

A

physical structure used to contain the water and the animals, and all the equipment used to move and/or treat the water

35
Q

What is a recirculating system for aquatic species?

A

water is continuously moved around a system

36
Q

What is a static system for aquatic species

A

what does not move, it is periodically changed

37
Q

What is a flow through system

A

Water is constantly being replaced

38
Q

Give examples of artificial water

A

treated by reverse osmosis or distilling

39
Q

What is treated water?

A

Water that comes in generally through a municipal tap

40
Q

WHat is the purpose of a biofilter?

A

changes ammonia to nitrite and nitrate (via nitrfying bacteria)

41
Q

What is the purpose of the carbon filter?

A

To remove dissolved chemicals

42
Q

What is the purpose of the ultraviolet or ozone unit?

A

to disinfect the tank

43
Q

How big must the biofilter be?

A

of sufficient size (contain the appropriate number of bacteria) to process the bioload

44
Q

T or F. Aerosolization should be used in an aquatic environment

A

F. This should be limited due to the potential to spread pathogens

45
Q

What is the typical housing density for zebra fish in the US

A

5 fish per liter

46
Q

T or F. Latex gloves should be used for handling amphibians to keep from disrupting the protective mucus layer of the skin

A

F. Latex gloves have been associated with toxicity in some amphibians

47
Q

What factors contribute to the growth of algea and cyanobacteria

A

Light, nitrogen and phosphorus

The Guide (4 decks)

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