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HCA 305 > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Emphasizes that the morally right action is whatever action leads to the maximum balance of good over evil.

A

Consequential Ethics (Theories of Ethics)

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2
Q

The goal of ____________ is to achieve the greatest good for the greatest number.

A

Consequentialist

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3
Q

Based on the view that the value of an action derives solely from the value of its consequences.

A

Consequential Ethics (Theories of Ethics)

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4
Q

Envies that the consequences of an action or rule are the only criteria for determining the morality of an action or rule.

A

Nonconsequential (Theories of Ethics)

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5
Q

Believes right or wrong depends on the intention, not the outcome.

A

Nonconsequential (Theories of Ethics)

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6
Q

Standards or codes of conduct established but the membership of a specific profession.

A

Professional Ethics (Theories of Ethics)

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7
Q

Describes what is right and wrong conduct, including acceptable behavior, and expectations of a profession’s membership.

A

Professional Ethics (Theories of Ethics)

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8
Q

Address legal-ethics issues that arise during the course of a patent’s care and treatment.

A

Healthcare Ethics Committee

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9
Q

Serve as a resource for patients, families, and staff and offer objective counsel when dealing with difficult healthcare issues.

A

Healthcare Ethics Committee

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10
Q

Concerned with the outcome or consequences of an action in which the ends can justify the means.

A

Situational Ethics

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11
Q

One’s moral character can sometimes change as circumstances change.

A

Situational Ethics

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12
Q

Duty-based ethics

A

Deontologic Ethics

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13
Q

Involves ethical analysis according to a moral code, or rules, either religious or secular.

A

Deontologic Ethics

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14
Q

Theory that holds that mortality is relative to the norms of one’s culture.

A

Ethical Relativism

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15
Q

Whether an action is right or wrong depends on the moral norms of the society in which it is practiced.

A

Ethical Relativism

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16
Q

Universal ruled of conduct, derived from ethical theories that provide a practical basis for identifying what kinds of action, intentions, and ,motives are valued.

A

Ethical Principles

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17
Q

Assist caregivers in making choices based on moral principles that have been identified as standards considered important when addressing ethical dilemmas.

A

Ethical Principles

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18
Q

Provides framework within which particular ethical dilemmas can be analyzed and decisions made.

A

Ethical Principles

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19
Q

The right of a person to make one’s own decisions.

A

Autonomy

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20
Q

______ decision making can be affected by one’s disabilities, mental status, maturity, or incapacity to make decisions.

A

Autonomy

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21
Q

The principle of doing good, demonstrating kindness, showing compassion, and helping others.

A

Beneficence

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22
Q

In the healthcare setting, caregivers demonstrate _______ by balancing benefits against risk.

A

Beneficence

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23
Q

Form of beneficence

A

Paternalism

24
Q

People believing that they know what is best for another, often making decisions that they believe are in that person’s best interest.

A

Paternalism

25
Q

Withholding information from someone, believing that the person would be better off.

A

Paternalism

26
Q

Making choices for patients who are capable of making their own choices.

A

Medical Paternalism

27
Q

A physician selectively telling the patient what he or she prefers based on personal beliefs.

A

Medical Paternalism

28
Q

Ethical Principle that requires caregivers to avoid causing patients harm.

A

Nonmaleficence

29
Q

The principle of ______ is shattered when a physician is placed in the position of ending life by removing respirators, giving lethal injections, or by writing prescriptions for lethal dose of medication.

A

Nonmaleficence

30
Q

The obligation to be fair in the distribution of benefits and risk.

A

Justice

31
Q

Demands that persons in similar circumstances be treated similarly.

A

Justice

32
Q

Involves how people are treated when their interest compete with one another.

A

Justice

33
Q

Focuses on the inherent character of a person rather than on the specific actions that he or she performs.

A

Virtue Ethics

34
Q

Some sort of moral excellence or beneficial quality.

A

Virtue

35
Q

One who does the good and right thing by habit, not by a set of rules of conduct.

A

Morally virtuous person

36
Q

Characteristics that differentiate good people from bad people.

A

Virtues

37
Q

A standard conduct used for judging the goodness or badness actions

A

Value

38
Q

Implies standard of worth

A

Ethical Values

39
Q

Something that has value in and of its self (happiness).

A

Intrinsic Value

40
Q

The judicious application of knowledge

A

Wisdom

41
Q

Involves self-control and restraint.

A

Temperance

42
Q

The act of binding oneself (intellectually or emotionally) to a course of action

A

Commitment

43
Q

The deep awareness of and sympathy for another’s suffering.

A

Compassion

44
Q

One who has moral integrity and a strict regard for doing what is considered the fight thing to do.

A

Conscientious Person

45
Q

A form of self-reflection on and judgment about whether one’s action are right or wrong, good or bad.

A

Conscience

46
Q

The ability to make good decisions without personal biases, fears, and undue influences from others.

A

Discernment

47
Q

A person who has ________ has the wisdom to decide the best course of action when there are many possible actions from which to choose.

A

Discernment

48
Q

Involves confidence that a person will act with the right motives.

A

Honesty and Trust

49
Q

Assured reliance on character, ability, strength, or truth of someone or something.

A

Honesty and Trust

50
Q

Involves a steadfast adherence to a strict moral or ethical code and commitment not to compromise this code.

A

Integrity

51
Q

Involves the quality of being considerate and sympathetic to another’s need.

A

Kindness

52
Q

An attitude of admiration or esteem.

A

Respect

53
Q

In patient care setting, involves looking forward to something with the confidence of success.

A

Hopefulness

54
Q

Implies that a person accepts difference on others to believe, think, speak, or act as himself or herself.

A

Positive Tolerance

55
Q

Implies that one will reluctantly put up with another’s beliefs. (Simply tolerate the view of others)

A

Negative Tolerance

56
Q

Addresses such difficult issues as; The nature of life and deaths. What sort of life is worth living? Responsibility that we have to other human beings.

A

Bioethics

HCA 305 (5 decks)

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