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Physiology Test > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Semi-fluid portion of the cytoplasm

A

Cytosol

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2
Q

Control center

A

Nucleus

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3
Q

Intracellular structures with specific functions

A

Organelles

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4
Q

Responsible for forming the spindle during mitosis

A

Centrosome

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5
Q

Modifies, sorts, packages, and delivers proteins and lipids

A

Golgi complex

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6
Q

Organelles that destroy bacteria and recycle worn out cells parts

A

Lysosomes

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7
Q

Non-membranous chemical substances that are produced and used by cells

A

Inclusions

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8
Q

Located inside the nucleus and helps assemble ribosomes

A

Nucleolus

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9
Q

Cellular respiration occurs here

A

Mitochondria

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10
Q

Passive transport depends on this type of energy to move materials

A

Kinetic

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11
Q

When a solution reaches equilibrium, an… Number of molecules move in and out of the cell.

A

Equal

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12
Q

Mechanisms that move substances across a cell membrane requiring energy

A

Active transport

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13
Q

The infolding of a cells membrane around a liquid droplet to bring it into the cell

A

Pinocytosis

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14
Q

In passive transport, net movement of substances is ( ) their concentration gradient

A

Down

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15
Q

Protein synthesis occurs here

A

Ribosome

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16
Q

Movement of any substances from a high concentration to a low concentration whether or not a membrane is involved

A

Simple diffusion

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17
Q

Movement of a substance from a low concentration to a high concentration

A

Active transport

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18
Q

In exocytosis, these structures unite with the cell membrane and release their contents to the outside of the cell

A

Vesicles

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19
Q

Phagocytosis is the process by which ____ are taken through a cell membrane

A

Insoluble solids

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20
Q

The word gradient means ____.

A

Difference

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21
Q

The majority of the plasma membrane is composed of this type of molecule

A

Phospholipids

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22
Q

Cellular contents located between the plasma membrane and the nuclear membrane

A

Cytoplasm

23
Q

Name the two types of ER

A

Rough, smooth

24
Q

What structures are attached to the rough ER

A

Ribosomes

25
Q

Functions in lipid (fatty acid production) and carbohydrate (release of glucose) metabolism

A

Smooth ER

26
Q

The largest cell structure that contains both DNA and the nucleolus

A

Nucleus

27
Q

Give examples of inclusions

A

Glycogen, fat, melanin

28
Q

This part of the cytoplasm is composed of 75%-90% water

A

Cytosol

29
Q

Raises or lowers condenser

A

Condenser adjustment knob

30
Q

Secures a slide for viewing

A

Slide holder

31
Q

Lens, located beneath the stage opening which controls the light beam size

A

Condenser

32
Q

Used for preliminary focusing

A

Course adjustment knob

33
Q

Platform in which slides are placed

A

Stage

34
Q

Used for final focusing

A

Fine adjustment knob

35
Q

The part of the microscope used when we carry it

A

Arm

36
Q

Controls the intensity of the light

A

Iris

37
Q

Term that is given to a microscope’s ability to distinguish and separate fine detail

A

Resolving power

38
Q

The objective that comes closest to a specimen and is most likely to break a slide

A

Oil immersion

100times

39
Q

How do you find total magnification

A

Multiply the ocular by power of objective

40
Q

When you are viewing an object under low power, do you see more or less of the object as compared to high power

A

More

41
Q

What property of the microscope allows you to change from one objective to another without having to make major focusing adjustments

A

Parfocal

42
Q

Red blood cells may swell and rupture if placed in a _____ solution

A

Hypotonic

43
Q

Hypertonic means that a solution has more ___ as compared to another solution

A

Solute

44
Q

The movement of a substance from high to low concentration through the plasma membrane with the help of a channel protein

A

Facilitated diffusion

45
Q

Cellular support and movement

A

Cytoskeleton

46
Q

Selective permeability

A

Plasma membrane

47
Q

Protein synthesis

A

Ribosomes

48
Q

Lipid synthesis, detoxification

A

Smooth ER

49
Q

ATP production

A

Mitochondria

50
Q

Digest bacteria, worn-out organelles

A

Lysosomes

51
Q

Forms mitotic spindle

A

Centrosome

52
Q

Short-hair like structures on the surface of some cells

A

Cilia

53
Q

Long cell projection used to propel sperm cells

A

Flagella

54
Q

Chemical substances produced by cells; not bounded by a membrane

A

Inclusions

Physiology Test (5 decks)

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