Chapter 3

Question 1

cell

Answer 1

smallest unit that can function independently and preform necessary functions of life

Question 2

cell theory

Answer 2

1. all living things are made of cells
2. all cells arise from other, preexisting cells
3. are the basic unit of life

Question 3

eukaryotic cell

Answer 3

have membrane bound organelles

Question 4

prokaryotic cell

Answer 4

cells that lack membrane bound organelles

Question 5

membrane

Answer 5

encompasses the cell

Question 6

cytoplasm

Answer 6

cells contents, cytosol

Question 7

cell wall, in plants

Answer 7

protects and gives shape to cell

Question 8

nucleus

Answer 8

membrane bound structure that contains linear strands of DNA

Question 9

organelle

Answer 9

specialized structure

Question 10

endosymbiosis theory

Answer 10

chloroplasts and mitochondria were free bodies but then were encompasses by a host cell and became an organelle.
- the host and organelle experience mutualism

Question 11

chloroplasts

Answer 11

in plants, where photosynthesis occurs

Question 12

mitochondria

Answer 12

convert energy stored in foods into a usable form

Question 13

phospholipid bilayer

Answer 13

structure of a membrane

• two layers of phospholipids arranged tail to tail
• hydrophilic head regions face watery fluid

Question 14

lysosomes

Answer 14

round, membrane enclosed, acid filled, vesicles that dispose of garbage

Question 15

smooth ER

Answer 15

synthesizes lipids and detoxifies molecules

Question 16

Rough ER

Answer 16

modifies proteins for distribution throughout organism

Question 17

Golgi apparatus

Answer 17

processes and packages proteins lipids, and other molecules

Question 18

symbiosis

Answer 18

ecological relationship between organisms

Question 19

mutualism

Answer 19

ecological relationships in which both organisms benefit from the relationship