Chapter 3 & 4

Question 1

What are examples of fundamental freedoms? (4)

Answer 1

The freedom to express yourself
The freedom to choose your own religion
The freedom to organize peaceful protest
The freedom to associate with any person or group

Question 2

What are examples of democratic rights? (2)

Answer 2

The right to vote for members of the HOC and of provincial legislatures
The right to vote for a new government at least every five years

Question 3

What are examples of mobility rights? (2)

Answer 3

The right to move anywhere within Canada and to earn a living there
The right to enter, stay in, or leave Canada

Question 4

What are examples of legal rights? (3)

Answer 4

The right to be free of imprisonment, search and seizure without evidence
The right to a fair and quick public trial
The right to be innocent until proven guilty

Question 5

What are examples of equality rights? (1)

Answer 5

The right to be free of discrimination because of race, national or ethnic origin, religion, gender, etc.

Question 6

What are examples of language rights? (2)

Answer 6

The right that schools should have second language options

The right that most signs have both French and English on them

Question 7

What is the notwithstanding clause?

Answer 7

Is a clause in the constitution that allows provinces to ignore certain rights and freedoms as laid out in the charter

Question 8

What are collective rights?

Answer 8

Rights guaranteed to specific groups in Canadian society for historical or constitutional reasons

Question 9

What is collective identity?

Answer 9

The shared identity of a group of people, especially because a common language or culture

Question 10

What are the numbered treaties?

Answer 10

Historic agreements that affect the rights and identity of most First Nations in Canada.
Agreements made between the FN and the government of Canada over land

Question 11

When were each of the numbered treaties signed?

Answer 11

One - 1871
Two - 1871
Three - 1873
Four - 1874
Five - 1875
Six - 1876 - 1899
Seven - 1877
Eight - 1899
Nine - 1905
Ten - 1906 - 1907
Eleven - 1921

Question 12

What is the Indian Act? (5)

Answer 12

Brought in by the federal gov. as a way to control FN without consulting them
Connected to Canada’s imperial past and the view that our way of life was better theirs
Paved the way for residential schools
The act affirmed the rights of FN but a cost
At points it restricted a lot of fundamental freedoms of FN

Question 13

Who were Indian Agents?

Answer 13

A person sent by the gov to oversee everything on the reserve, including the interpretations of what was set out by the treaties

Question 14

What is the relation between Language Rights and the Charter? (3)

Answer 14

Confederation established Canada as a bilingual country
Made French and English official languages of Canada’s parliament
It guaranteed schooling in both French and English

Question 15

Who were the Metis?

Answer 15

One of Canada’s most distinct and unique groups
The fur trade led to the creation of the Metis culture
The traders in the fur trade stayed inland in camps with FN tribes. They lived amongst them and became a part of their culture
They married FN women which allowed them to build a small workforce
Their offspring became known as Metis
Their culture was a mix of French and Aboriginal
Placed a lot of emphasis on family contributions

Question 16

What was Scrip? (4)

Answer 16

Was the federal governments way of Metis to give up their land claims and Aboriginal title
Could be redeemed in 160 or 240 acres or dollars
All you had to do was fill out a bunch of forms and you were given a coupon
If they refused they became Treaty Indians and would be bound to the treaties already signed

Question 17

What is the Manitoba Act? (5)

Answer 17

Was after the Red River Rebellion
Established a small piece of land around the Red River Colony as Manitoba
Riel and his men were not granted amnesty for the murder of the gov official and fled
The federal government maintained control over the land
The Metis felt disadvantaged and fled further West

Question 18

What was the Red River resistance? (6)

Answer 18

Led by Louis Riel
When parts of the Canadian Shield were being turned over to Canada, Riel and the Metis were upset
They feared for their way of life and right to use the land
Set up a provisional government they would use to negotiate entering into confederation
Executed a government official
Led to the Manitoba Act

Question 19

What was the Northwest Resistance? (6)

Answer 19

Louis Riel returned and led the Northwest Resistance in what is now Saskatchewan
Sent petitions to the government about their land rights but they went unanswered
The Metis felt threatened by the railway and settlers as they moved into Western Canada
Was able to organize a coalition of Aboriginal and Metis forces to hold their settlement by force
A violent five month insurgency
The Canadian army had to be transported by railway, but the CPR was not finished

Question 20

What happened in Batoche?

Answer 20

The final stand was made by the rebellion

The government troops were eventually able to take the town as the rebels were short of ammunition

Question 21

What is the Charter of Rights and Freedoms?

Answer 21

Is part of Canada’s constitution
With the Charter, Canadians can challenge in court law that restrict their rights
The charter says that Canada’s government is justified in restricting rights, if the restrictions are necessary to maintain Canada as a free and democratic society

Question 22

What are official language minorities?

Answer 22

Languages that are not the majority language, but are the second most common language

Question 23

What is ethnocentrism?

Answer 23

The belief that one’s culture is superior to all other cultures

Question 24

What is a right?

Answer 24

A moral or legal entitlement to have or obtain something or act in a certain way

Question 25

What is a freedom?

Answer 25

The power or right to act, think, or speak as one wants without restraint

Question 26

What is a constituent?

Answer 26

Someone that lives in a riding and is represented by an elected official from that riding

Question 27

What is the definition of the Indian Act in the textbook?

Answer 27

Federal legislation related to the rights and status of FN peoples, first passed in 1876 and amended several times

Question 28

What is assimilation?

Answer 28

The process of becoming part of a different cultural group other than your own