Chapter 3/4

Question 1

What is the primary role of the CST in rendering care to the surgical pt?

Answer 1

Assisting the surgeon during the surgical procedure.
-establishment and protection of a sterile field
-care/handling of surgical instrumentation
-assistance with technical tasks throughout procedure.

Question 2

What is Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?

Answer 2

Model of human development. (lower levels must be met before the higher ones)

Physiological needs: Basic biological needs such as water, oxygen, food, and temperature regulation.

Safety needs: individual’s perception that his or her environment is safe.

Love and belonging needs: These are basic social needs: to be known and cared for as an individual and to care for others.

Esteem needs: positive evaluation of one’s self and others; a need to be respected and to respect others.

Self-actualization: individual’s need to fulfill what he or she believes is purposeful.

Question 3

What are some religious values to be aware of?

Answer 3

Add later from table

Question 4

What are the needs of the surgical patient?

Answer 4

Physical- Anything relating to genetics or anatomy/physiology

Physiological- Anything related to identification and understanding of one’s self

Social- Anything w identification of one’s self and interactions with others

Spiritual- Anything with one’s identification and place within the universe

Question 5

What are the common factors that lead to surgical intervention

Answer 5

-Trauma
-Genetic Malformation
-Benign Neoplasm
-Condition
-Physiological State

Question 6

What are the two broad factors that apply to the majority of pt’s in reaction to hospitalization/health?

Answer 6

Adaption and Stress

Question 7

What is adaption?

Answer 7

both physiological and psychological changes that indicate the person’s attempt to adapt to and counter the stressors of illness or trauma. can be either rapid or slow, based on the nature and type of illness or trauma, family support, patient’s culture, level of the patient’s social development, level of the patient’s intelligence, patient’s personality, and learned responses.

Question 8

What are the two different types of stress?

Answer 8

Distress- bad
Eustress- good

Question 9

What are the factors that contribute to stress?

Answer 9

-Type, nature, and severity of trauma/disease/condition
-previous experience
-age; peds pts feel vulnerable when taken away from parents, adolescents are conscious about privacy, and adults are concerned about death, family, finances, etc.
-family role
-economic factors
-religious beliefs

Question 10

What are the different coping mechanisms?

Answer 10

Denial- does not accept what is happening
Rationalization
Regression- pt regresses to an earlier stage of life (ex: fetal position, crying, pouting)
Repression: Avoids thoughts and feelings on the matter

Question 11

What are the three accepted stages of death?

Answer 11

Cardiac- Irreversible loss of cardiac and respiratory function

Higher-brain Death: Irreversible loss of higher brain function (breathing, BP, heartbeat)

Whole Brain Death: Loss of all functions of the brain (defined as death in courts)

Question 12

What are the five stages of grief?

Answer 12

-denial
-anger
-bargaining
-depression
-acceptance

stages may not occur in order and not everyone will go through all stages

Question 13

What are the general categories of death?

Answer 13

-accidental: natural disaster, gunshot, car accident, etc.
-terminal: cancer
-prolonged/chronic: high bp, asthma
-sudden: deaths without warning (SIDS)