Chapter 3&4 Flashcards
X-rays produced when
extremely high energy electricity creates high speed electrons that interact with matter.
What is produced when extremely high energy electricity creates high speed electrons that interact with matter.
X-rays are produced
Body of matter from which electrons have been added or removed (ionization) causing a positive or negative charge
Electrified -
Electricity is concerned with
Concerned with the distribution and movement of electrons
Three ways to electrify a body
Electrification by Friction.
Electrification by Contact.
Electrification by Induction.
quantity or number of electrons flowing; is measured in
Amperes (A)
Electric Current-
Electric Current- is measured in
Amperes (A)
the force in which electrons travel; is measured in Volts (V)
Electric Potential-
Electric Potential- is measured in
Volts (V)
; the number of x-ray photons in the primary beam
mA-quantity
; the penetrating power of the X-ray beam
kV- quality
When electrons move in the same direction
Direct current
(DC)-
When electrons move in one direction and then reverse and move in the opposite direction
Alternating current
(AC)-
Circuit diagram of X-ray machine:
Operating console has what selections
kVp selection
mA selection
Time selection
Circuit diagram of X-ray machine:
Has what for their high voltage selection
Step-up transformer
Rectification
Circuit
Circuit diagram of X-ray machine:
Has what for xray tube
X-ray tube
Filament circuit
- Source of
- Energy is
- Is created
- Energy
- Altered
- X-ray
Two coils are placed next to each other. A current will run through the first causing a similar current in the second.
Mutual Induction
Mutual induction is found where
Step up and step down transformers
Always present in coils supplied with alternating current
Self Induction
Self induction is found where
Found in autotransformer, only has 1 winding
What induction has has primary and secondary coils
Mutual induction
What run an x-ray circuit
Generators
What Device that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy.
Generators
Generators Select and control what
kVp, mA and time.
What Allows the operator to select the focal spot size appropriate for the examination.
Generator
3 Evolution of Generators
Single phase power
3 phase power
High frequency generators
Voltage drop creates
low energy x-ray photons
Low energy x-ray photons are absorbed into _ and increase _
tissue
patient skin exposure
Do Low energy x-ray photons contribute to the image or do not?
Do not
In a transformer a step up is what selector
kVp selector
In a transformer a step down is what selector
mA selector
Facts about X-ray circuit
1. Transformers operate on
2. Transformers supply the x-ray tube with
3. X-ray tube cannot convert electric energy into X-ray energy with
4. 3. Electric energy needs to be converted __ before it reaches the X-ray tube
- AC
- altered
- AC
- From AC to DC
Process of changing AC to DC
Rectification
With rectification the electrons flow in what direction
Only one direction
Inhibits flow of electrons
Resistor
Provides electric potential
Battery
Momentarily stores electric charge
Capacitor
Increases or
decreases voltage by fixed amount
(AC only)
Transformers
Allows electrons to flow in only one direction
Diode
