Chapter 3/4

Question 1

Limiting reagent

Answer 1

The reactant used up first in the reaction

Question 2

Excess reagent

Answer 2

The reactant with leftovers after the reaction

Question 3

Theoretical Yield

Answer 3

The amount of product that would result if all the limiting reagent reacted.

Question 4

Actual Yield

Answer 4

The amount of product actually obtained from a reaction

Question 5

Percent Yield

Answer 5

(actual yield / theoretical yield) x 100%

Question 6

Solution

Answer 6

A solution is a homogeneous mixture of 2 or more substances.

Question 7

Solute

Answer 7

The solute is (are) the substance(s) present in the smaller amount(s).

Question 8

Solvent

Answer 8

The solvent is the substance present in the larger amount.

Question 9

Electrolye

Answer 9

An electrolyte is a substance that, when dissolved in water, results in a solution that can conduct electricity.

Question 10

Non-electrolyte

Answer 10

A non-electrolyte is a substance that, when dissolved in water, results in a solution that does not conduct electricity.

Question 11

What conducts electricity in a solution?

Answer 11

Cations and anions

Question 12

What makes a strong electrolyte?

Answer 12

A strong electrolyte undergoes 100% dissociation

NaCl (s) → Na⁺ (aq) + Cl^- (aq)

Question 13

What makes a weak electrolyte?

Answer 13

A weak electrolyte does not undergo complete dissociation

CH₃COOH ⇔ CH₃COO^- (aq) + H⁺ (aq)

Question 14

Ionization

Answer 14

The formation of or separation into ions by heat, electrical discharge, radiation, or chemical reaction.

Question 15

Hydration

Answer 15

Hydration is the process in which an ion is surrounded by water molecules arranged in a specific manner.