Chapter 3 Flashcards
IRQ
Interrupt Request
Signal sent to the CPU instructing it to suspend its current activity and to handle some external event/input
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ISA
Industry Standard Architecture
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PCI
Peripheral Component Interconnect
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I/O Addresses
unique locations in memory that are reserved for communications between the CPU and specific physical hardware devices
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DMA
Direct memory addressing
Method of communication to I/O ports. Permits the device to transfer data directly without the CPU’s attention resulting in lower CPU activity
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LBA
Linear Blocking Address
common scheme used for specifying the location of blocks of data stored on computer storage devices, generally secondary storage systems such as hard disks.
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Sysfs
virtual file system mounted at /sys
exports information about devices so that user-space utilities can access the information
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HAL Daemon
Hardware Abstraction Layer Daemon
user-space program that runs at all times and provides other user-space programs with information about available hardware
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D-Bus
Desktop Bus
Provides a further abstraction of hardware information access. Runs as a daemon. D-bus enables processes to communicatie with each other as well as to register to be notified of events
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udev
a virtual filesystem, mounted at /dev, which creates dynamic device files as drivers are loaded and unloaded
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lspci option
-v
Increases verbosity of output. This option way be doubled (-vv) or tripled (-vvv) to produce yet more output
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lspci option
-n
Displays information in numeric codes rather than translating the codes to manufacturer and device names
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lspci option
-nn
Displays both the manufacturer and device names and their associated numeric codes
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lspci option
-x
Displays the PCI configuration space for each device as a hexadecimal dump. This is an extremely advanced option. Triple (-xxx) or quadrupling (-xxxx) this option displays information about more devices
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lspci option
-b
shows IRQ numbers and other data as seen by devices rather than as seen by the kernel
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lspci option
-t
Displays a tree view depicting the relationship between devices
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lspci option
-s[[[[domain]:]bus]:][slot][.[func]]
Displays only devices that match the listed specification. This can be used to trim the results of the output
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lspci option
-d [vendor]:[device]
Shows data on the specified device
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lspci option
-i file
Uses the specified file to map vendor and device IDs to names. (The default is /usr/share/misc/pci.ids.)
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lspci option
-m
Dumps data in a machine-readable form intended for use by scripts. A single -m uses a backward-compatible format, whereas doubling (-mm) uses a newer format
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lspci option
-D
Displays PCI domain numbers. These numbers normally aren’t displayed
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lspci option
-M
Performs a scan in bus-mapping mode, which can reveal devices hidden behind a misconfigured PCI bridge. This is an advanced option that can be used only by root
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lspci option
–version
Displays version information
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Kernel Modules
Kernel Drivers that handle hardware in Linox
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modprobe option
-v or –verbose
displays extra information about its operations.
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modprobe option
-n or –dry-run
causes modprobe to perform checks and all other operations except the actual module insertions
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modprobe option
-r or –remove
reverses modprobe’s usual effect; it causes the program to remove the specified module and any on which it depends
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modprobe option
-f or –force
forces the module loading even if the kernel version doesn’t match what the module expects
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modprobe option
–show-
shows all of the modules on which the specified module depends
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modprobe option
-l or –list
displays a list of available options whose names match the wildcard you specify.
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