Chapter 3

Question 1

collecting relevant information in an effort to reach a conclusion

Answer 1

assessment

Question 2

idiographic

Answer 2

focus on individual person

Question 3

conducted first time client meets therapist
used to collect detail info about client
sometimes involve familt
allow the interviewer to focus on whatever topics they think is important

Answer 3

clinical interviews

Question 4

open -ended questions.
not trying to lead client in a specific direction - no right or wrong answer, no set of questions; very flexable, free to allow client to go off in any direction

Answer 4

unstructured interview

Question 5

specific questions in order with certain words - follow up questions, very specific. No flexibility. No deviation from script. Often include mental status exam. Prepared questions.

Answer 5

Structured Interview

Question 6

some set of questions should be asked but, they don’t have to be asked in order, don’t have to use specific wording so there is some flexability

Answer 6

Semi-structured Interview

Question 7

Therapist observes client for
appearance, alertness & awareness of environment, speech/vocab, behavior, mood, affect, thought process & content, memory and reasoning.

Answer 7

Mental Status Exam

Question 8

a measure of consistency of an assessment tool

Answer 8

reliability

can have reliability without validity

Question 9

an index of how consistent the results of a test are over time (the same test is administered more than once)

Answer 9

test-retest

Question 10

an index of how consistent the results are of different parts of the same test

Answer 10

internal reliability

Question 11

an index of how consistent the observations or judgements of the same individual are between two or more judges

Answer 11

inter-rater reliability

Question 12

the degree to which an assessment took measures what is was designed to measure

Answer 12

validity

Question 13

extent to which the items on the measure appear to measure what they are intended to measure

Answer 13

face validity

Question 14

the extent to which a test assess all of the important aspects of a phenomenon

Answer 14

content validity

Question 15

extent to which a test yeilds the same results as other measure of the same phenomenon

Answer 15

concurrent validity

Question 16

the extent to which a test predicts how the person will act, think, or feel in the future

Answer 16

predictive validity

Question 17

the extent to which a test measures what it’s supposed to measure, and not something else.

Answer 17

construct validity

Question 18

require that clients interpret vague and ambiguous stimuli or follow open-ended questions. Assumes clients will project their unconscious desires, wishes, or thoughts into the stimuli. Mainly used by psychodynamic practitioners

• thematic apperception test
• rorschach test
• sentence completion test
• drawings

Answer 18

Projective tests

Question 19

look to measure different traits, different personality types. designed to measure broad personality characteristics
focus on behaviors, beliefs and feelings
usually based on self-reported responses
most widely used: MMPI

Answer 19

Personality inventories

Question 20

usually based on self-reported responses. Focus on one specific areas of functioning
Affective inventories
Social skill inventories
Cognitive inventories

Answer 20

Response Inventories

Question 21

measure physiological responses as an indication of psychological problems. Includes heart rate, blood pressure, body temp, galvanic skin responses, and muscle contractions.
Most popular = polygraph (lie detector)

Answer 21

Psychophysiological tests

Question 22

directly assess brain functioning by assessing brain structure and activity
ex: EEG, PET scans, MRI

Answer 22

Neurological tests

Question 23

uses x-rays to highlight STRUCTURE of the brain, and identify any abnormalities

Answer 23

Computerized axial tomography (CAT)

Question 24

provides a picture of brain ACTIVITY

Answer 24

Position Emission Tomography (PET)

Question 25

uses powerful magnetic field to identify both STRUCTURE and ACTIVITY in the brain

Answer 25

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

Question 26

Designed to indirectly measure intellectual ability
typically comprised of a series of sub-tests that measure both verbal and non-verbal skills
general score is an IQ

Answer 26

Intelligence tests

Question 27

people observe themselves and carefully record the frequency of certain behaviors, feelings or cognition’s as they occur over time.

Answer 27

self-monitoring