chapter 3

Question 1

what are the 3 chronic occlusive disease symptoms?

Answer 1

claudication
ischemic rest pain
tissue loss/ necrosis

Question 2

what is claudication?

Answer 2

predictable pain in muscles with exercise but subsiding with rest

Question 3

buttock claudication may suggest

Answer 3

aortoiliac disease

unilateral–iliofemoral disease

Question 4

thigh claudication may suggest

Answer 4

distal external iliac/common femoral disease

Question 5

calf claudication may suggest

Answer 5

femoral/popliteal disease

Question 6

what is ischemic rest pain?

Answer 6

a more severe pain when the patient’s limb is not dependent (ex: sleeping)

Question 7

what is the most severe symptom of arterial insufficiency?

Answer 7

tissue loss

Question 8

list the 5 P’s

Answer 8

pain
pallor
pulselessness
paresthesia
paralysis

Question 9

what are the 7 risk factors for arterial disease

Answer 9

diabetes
hypertension
smoking
hyperlipidemia
age
family history
male gender

Question 10

where do diabetes have a higher incidence of arterial occlusive disease?

Answer 10

distal popliteal and tibial arteries

Question 11

what is atherosclerosis?

Answer 11

thickening, hardening and loss of elasticity of the walls of the arteries

Question 12

what is pallor?

Answer 12

result of deficient blood supply; skin is pale

Question 13

what is rubor?

Answer 13

result of damaged, dilated vessels; dark reddish discoloration

Question 14

what is cyanosis?

Answer 14

result of concentration of deoxygenated hemoglobin; bluish discoloration

Question 15

what is livedo reticularis?

Answer 15

result of dilated capillaries and venules; purple patches on dorsum of foot

Question 16

ulcerations are typically located where?

Answer 16

over the tibial area

Question 17

what is gangrene?

Answer 17

the death of tissue

Question 18

what are the trophic changes that can occur with arterial disease? (3)

Answer 18

loss of hair
shiny, scaly skin
thickened toenails

Question 19

an increase in capillary refilling time denotes

Answer 19

decreased arterial profusion

Question 20

how are pulses graded?

Answer 20

on a scale from 0 (none) to 4 (bounding)