Chapter 3 Flashcards
What are the four major types of molecules found in cells?
Proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids.
True or False: DNA is a type of protein.
False.
Fill in the blank: The basic building blocks of proteins are called ______.
amino acids.
What is the primary function of carbohydrates in cells?
To provide energy and structural support.
Which molecule is responsible for storing genetic information?
DNA.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins? A) Enzyme catalysis B) Energy storage C) Structural support D) Transport
B) Energy storage.
What is the structural component of the cell membrane?
Phospholipids.
True or False: Lipids are soluble in water.
False.
Fill in the blank: The sequence of nucleotides in DNA determines the ______ of a protein.
amino acid sequence.
Short answer: What are enzymes?
Proteins that act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions.
What type of bond links amino acids together?
Peptide bonds.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a monosaccharide? A) Sucrose B) Glucose C) Starch D) Cellulose
B) Glucose.
True or False: RNA is a double-stranded molecule.
False.
Fill in the blank: The primary storage form of energy in animals is ______.
glycogen.
Short answer: What is the role of nucleotides?
They are the building blocks of nucleic acids and carry energy (ATP).
What is the main function of lipids in cells?
To store energy and form cell membranes.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a polymer? A) Amino acid B) Nucleotide C) Protein D) Glucose
C) Protein.
True or False: All enzymes are proteins.
True.
Fill in the blank: The sugar component of DNA is ______.
deoxyribose.
Short answer: What is a lipid bilayer?
A double layer of phospholipids that makes up cell membranes.
What is the process by which proteins are synthesized in cells called?
Translation.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a function of carbohydrates? A) Hormone production B) Energy storage C) Genetic information D) Insulation
B) Energy storage.
True or False: Glycogen is primarily found in plant cells.
False.
Fill in the blank: The two strands of DNA are held together by ______ bonds.
hydrogen.
Short answer: What is the role of ribosomes in the cell?
They are the sites of protein synthesis.
What type of sugar is found in RNA?
Ribose.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a characteristic of lipids? A) They are polar B) They are hydrophilic C) They are nonpolar D) They are soluble in water
C) They are nonpolar.
