Chapter 3

Question 1

federal system

Answer 1

a governmental structure with two levels of government in which each level has sovereignty over different policy matters and geographic areas; a system of government with dual sovereignty

Question 2

unitary system

Answer 2

a government structure in which one central government is the sovereign government and it creates other, regional governments to which it delegates some governing powers and responsibilities; however, the central government retains ultimate authority

Question 3

confederal system

Answer 3

a government structure in which several independent sovereign states agree to cooperate on specified policy matters by creating a central governing body; each sovereign state retains ultimate authority over other governmental matters within its borders, so the central governing body is not a sovereign government

Question 4

intergovernmental relations (IGR)

Answer 4

collaborative efforts of two or more levels of government working to serve the public

Question 5

concurrent powers

Answer 5

basic governing functions that are exercised by the national and state governments independently, and at the same time, including the power to make policy, raise revenue, implement policies, and establish courts

Question 6

enumerated powers

Answer 6

powers of the national government that are listed in the Constitution

Question 7

implied powers

Answer 7

powers of the national government that are not enumerated in the Constitution but that Congress claims are necessary and proper for the national government to fulfill its enumerated powers in accordance with the necessary and proper clause of the Constitution