Chapter 3 Flashcards
Structural Engineering
Structural Engineering is a sub-division of
Civil Engineering
Structural Engineers are trained to
Understand, Predict, and Calculate the Stability, Strength, and Rigidity of built structures
A system of connected parts
used to support a load
Structure
Resistance offered by a structure to
undesirable movement like sliding, collapsing and over turning
Stability
Capacity of a structural system to
withstand the loads applied to it
Strength
Property of a structure that it does not bend or flex under an applied force
Rigidity
Opposite of Rigidity
Flexibility
Calculation of magnitudes of
forces and deformations
Structural Analysis
Arrangement and proportioning of
structures and their parts so as to
support their loads adequately
Structural Design
Structural Elements
Beams/ Girders
Columns
Slabs/ Shells
Tie Rods/ Bracing Struts
___ are usually horizontal members, primarily designed to resist bending movement.
Beams
___ are generally vertical and resist axial compressive loads.
Columns
Structural elements subjected to
bi-directional bending and shear
Slabs
A structure that holds back soil or
rock from a building, structure or area. Prevents down slope movement or erosion and provide support for vertical or near-vertical grade changes.
Retaining Wall
Support Connections
Fixed
Roller
Pin/ Hinge
Link
The first phase of structural design consists of
Estimating the loads acting on the
structure.
The loads are?
Dead Load (D)
Live Load (L)
Wind Load (W)
Earthquake Load (E)
Impact Load (I)
Hydrostatic and Soil Pressure (H)
Thermal Effects (T)
D is for?
Dead Load
L is for?
Live Load
W is for?
Wind Load
E is for?
Earthquake Load
I is for?
Impact Load
H is for?
Hydrostatic and Soil Pressure
T is for?
Thermal Effects
Permanent loads acting on the structure. Include the self-weight of structural and nonstructural components.
Dead Loads
Consist of the weight of all materials of
construction incorporated into the building
Dead Load
Non-permanent loads acting on the structure. The magnitude and location of live loads changes frequently over the design life.
Live Loads
In the form of pressure or suction on
the exterior surface of building
structures. Generally act
perpendicular to surfaces.
Wind Load
Inertial forces that act on a structure due
to earthquake induced ground motion. Generally act horizontally on
each element of the structure and
are proportional to their mass.
Earthquake Load
Heavier structures are
(less or more) susceptible to earthquake
loads.
more
Dynamic effect of a suddenly applied load, i.e. due to moving vehicles, weight of elevator machinery
Impact Load
Percentage increase of the live load due to impact is called the
Impact Factor
Replacing an actual structure with a simple system conducive to analysis
Structural Idealization
Structural Design Considerations
Strength
Safety
Serviceability
Economic Constraints
Environmental Impact
Aesthetics
Strength of a structure depends on the
strength of the _____ from which it is
made.
materials
Strength of a material refers to the
material’s ability to ____ an applied force.
resist
Requires that the strength of the structure
be adequate for all loads that may foreseeably act on it
Safety
Can be ensured by providing
a carrying capacity just barely in excess
of the known loads
Safety
Pertains to the performance of structures
under normal service loads and is
concerned with such items as deflections,
vibrations, cracking, and slipping
Serviceability
Systematic evaluation of the economic merits of proposed solutions to
engineering problems
Economy
Key issues in Economy
- Time value of money
- Cash flows occurring at different times
- “Designs” with different durations
SGDs
- Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure
- Sustainable Cities and Communities
- Responsible Consumption and Production
BONUS QUESTION
Name of Speaker and deets about him
Jose Pagaran Jr.
- Structural Engineer
- Batch 2006 BSCE UPLB
- Top 8 CE Boards
