Chapter 2 Flashcards
Introduction to Civil Engineering
CIVIL ENGINEERING (RECITE)
- Deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment,
- Including works such as roads, bridges, canals, dams, airports, sewerage systems, pipelines, and railways.
History of Civil Engineering
A mirror of the history of human beings on earth
Give 2 Examples of early record of civil engineering
- Use of caves for shelter
- Use of tree trunks to cross river
When was the earliest practice of civil engineering commenced?
Between 4000 and 2000 BC in Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia (Ancient Iraq)
During this time, humans started to abandon a ________, thus causing a need for the construction of shelter.
nomadic existence
During this time, ________ became increasingly important leading to the development of the wheel and sailing.
transportation
The construction of pyramids in Egypt (______________) might be considered the first instances of large structure construction
WHEN
2700-2500 BC
Around ____BC, _________, the first documented engineer, built a famous stepped pyramid for ___________
2550 BC, Imhotep, King Djoser
Underground aqueducts. 3,000-year-old marvels of engineering, still in use today
Qanat Water Tunnel, Iran
Parthenon, Greece
Built by ______ in Ancient Greece by 447 BC and completed in 438 BC
Iktinos
Built by Iktinos in Ancient Greece by 447 BC and completed in 438 BC. Regarded as an enduring symbol of Ancient Greece, Athenian democracy and Western civilization, and one of the world’s greatest cultural monuments
Parthenon, Greece
Built in different areas by different states/dynasties in Northern China to protect different territorial borders and protect trade
Great Wall of China
Great Wall of China
**years, how long and high
About 2,300 years
About 21,196 km long, 5-8m high
World’s tallest stupa and the third tallest structure in the world
Jetavanarama Stupa of Sri Lanka
Jetavanarama Stupa of Sri Lanka
***stats
122 m high and a base area of 233,000 m^2
Is a sacred site, and may have a relic chamber hidden inside
Stupa
____ are found in Southern Asia, made of baked bricks
Stupas
Used as a main route for military supplies and transporting troops in Italy
Appian Way, Rome
Appian Way, Rome
Built in ___? by ____?
Built in 312 BC by Appius Claudius Caecus
Largest amphitheater ever built at the time and held 50,000 spectators
Colosseum, Rome, Italy
How many people can Colosseum hold?
50,000 spectators
Colosseum, Rome, Italy
Built in ____? by ____?
Built in A.D. 70-72 by Emperor Vespasian of the Flavian Dynasty
_____ is a channel used to transport fresh water to highly populated areas
Aqueduct
Though earlier civilizations in Egypt and India also built aqueducts, Romans improved on the structure and built an extensive and complex network across their territories
Roman Aqueducts
Example of Roman Aqueduct
Roman Aqueduct of Pont Du Gard
Romans were the world’s first major _________.
A _______ includes any of these features: arches, pillars, foundations, abutments, roadway, cutwater
bridge builders; Roman Bridges
The first self-proclaimed Civil Engineer was __________ who constructed the __________ using granite blocks joined horizontally.
John Smeaton; Eddystone Lighthouse
Civil Engineering was derived from the need of a separation between ___ & _____.
military and nonmilitary engineering
The art and practice of designing and building military works and of building and maintaining lines of military transport and communications.
Military Engineering
Construction and maintenance of civil works projects that serve the domestic public
Non-military Engineering
FIELDS OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
- Structural
- Transportation
- Geotechnical Engineering
- Environmental Engineering
- Water Resources Engineering
- Construction Engineering
Encompasses the structural analysis and design of structures
Structural Engineering
They analyze and design a structure that will safely bear or resist stresses, forces, and loads
Structural Engineers
Specialties of Structural Engineering
- Earthquake engineering
- Wind engineering
- Architectural engineering
- Ocean engineering
Specialties of Structural Engineering
The behavior of structures subject to seismic loading
Earthquake engineering
Specialties of Structural Engineering
The analysis of wind and its effects on the built environment
Wind engineering
Specialties of Structural Engineering
Application of engineering principles to building design and construction
Architectural engineering
Specialties of Structural Engineering
The design of offshore structures
Ocean engineering
Planning, analysis, design, operation, and management of transportation systems
Transportation Engineering
Transportation Engineering
Provide for the movement of ______ from one place to another in a ______ manner.
people and goods, safe and efficient
Specialties of Transportation Engineering
- Traffic Engineering
- Highway Engineering
- Railway systems Engineering
Specialties of Transportation Engineering
Focuses on the infrastructure necessary for transportation
Traffic engineering
Specialties of Transportation Engineering
Deals with major roadways and transportation systems involving automobiles
Highway engineering
Specialties of Transportation Engineering
Design, construction and operation of all types of rail transport systems
Railway systems engineering
Study of the behavior of the earth’s materials (soil and rock) and how they will affect the structure that is to be constructed
Geotechnical Engineering
Evaluation of pre-existing structures that are showing signs of problems with the earth materials under or near the structure
Geotechnical Engineering
Application of science and engineering principles. To improve the natural environment (air, water, and land resources) . To provide healthy water, air, and land for human habitation. To remediate polluted sites
Environmental Engineering
Specialties of Environmental Engineering
- Sanitary engineering
- Wastewater engineering
- Ecological engineering
- Fire Protection engineering
Specialties of Environmental Engineering
Application of engineering methods to improve sanitation of human communities
Sanitary engineering
Specialties of Environmental Engineering
Concerned with wastewater treatment and water reclamation
Wastewater engineering
Specialties of Environmental Engineering
Design of ecosystems for the mutual benefit of humans and nature
Ecological engineering
Specialties of Environmental Engineering
The application of engineering to protect people and environments from fire and smoke
Fire protection engineering
Deals with the design and construction of hydraulic structures . These structures include dams, canals and water distribution system
Water resources Engineering
Specialties of Water Resources Engineering
- Hydraulic engineering
- River engineering
- Coastal engineering
- Groundwater engineering
Specialties of Water Resources Engineering
Concerned with the flow and conveyance of fluids, principally water, and design of pipelines, water supply network, drainage facilities, and canals
Hydraulic engineering
Specialties of Water Resources Engineering
Process of planned human intervention in the course, characteristics, or flow of a river to manage the water resources, and to protect against flooding, or to make passage along or across rivers easier
River Engineering
Specialties of Water Resources Engineering
Study of the processes ongoing at the shoreline and construction within the coastal zone, often directed at combating erosion of coasts or providing navigational access
Coastal engineering
Specialties of Water Resources Engineering
Analysis, monitoring and modelling of groundwater source and to better understand how much remains and if the water can be used for recharging reservoirs and irrigation
Groundwater engineering
Deals with the planning, construction and maintenance of structures.
Construction Engineering
Construction Engineers… (READ)
- Ensure that the plans that have been designed by other engineers are implemented to their exact specifications.
- Will supervise field work during the entire project.
- Will oversee the project from start to finish and handle any problems that come up throughout the duration of the project.
IMPORTANT SKILLS FOR CIVIL ENGINEERS
- Technical Skills
- Project Management
- Leadership Skills
- Communication Skills
- Creativity
- Visualization
- Critical Thinking
TPLCCVC
BONUS QUESTION
Who’s the Dean/ Department Chair of CE?
Asst. Prof Andre C. Cruz
BONUS QUESTION
NAME OF YOUR CE PROF
Dr. Ariel Miguel M. Aragoncillo
