Chapter 3

Question 1

Interobserver Agreement

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Answer 1

Two or more observers record the target behavior independently and simultaneously; later, results are compared to determine whether the target behavior is being measured reliably; interobserver agreement is calculated differently depending on the method used for recording behavior

Question 2

Frequency Recording

Answer 2

Used when behavior can be easily counted and the length of observation is constant; opportunities to perform the behavior should not be controlled

Question 3

Rate Recording

Answer 3

Used as frequency recording except that length of observations vary; the number of responses per unit of time is calculated and reported

Question 4

Interval Recording

Answer 4

Method of estimating the frequency of the target behavior using a period that has been divided into equal intervals of time for individual observations; not to be confused with interval schedules of reinforcement

Question 5

Whole Interval Recording

Answer 5

Provides a smaller estimate of frequency; behavior is recorded only if it occurs throughout the interval

Question 6

Partial Interval Recording

Answer 6

Provides the greater estimate of frequency; behavior is recorded if performed at any point during the interval

Question 7

Momentary Time Sampling

Answer 7

Provides the roughest estimate of frequency; behavior is recorded if it occurs at a specific moment at the conclusion of an interval; may be used to record behavior of more than one individual simultaneously

Question 8

Permanent Products

Answer 8

Permanent data forms that may be reviewed repeatedly (e.g., paper-and-pencil products, video-recordings, or audio-recordings)

Question 9

Percent Correct/Incorrect

Answer 9

Used when the number of opportunities to perform the target behavior may vary from observation to observation

Question 10

Duration Recording

Answer 10

Used when the primary concern is how long the behavior is performed; the researcher may record and report duration per occurrence, average duration, or total duration

Question 11

Latency Recording

Answer 11

How long it takes for the behavior to occur following the antecedent stimulus; the researcher may record and report latency per occurrence, average latency, or total latency

Question 12

Trials to Criterion

Answer 12

Used to measure events (occurrence of target behavior) when the researcher wishes to determine how many occurrences are required to achieve a criterion level of performance

Question 13

Cumulative Recording

Answer 13

Used when the aggregate number of incidents is of primary importance

Question 14

Response to Intervention (RTI)

Answer 14

A model adopted in most schools and districts for identifying and mediating academic and/or behavioral problems in the general education classroom

Question 15

Progress Monitoring

Answer 15

Ensures that evidence-based practices are implemented consistently and with fidelity

Question 16

Data-Based Individualization (DBI)

Answer 16

A means of using evidence-based methods to individualize interventions for students who do not demonstrate adequate progress

Question 17

Functional Behavior Assessment (FBA)

Answer 17

A record of what specific behaviors occur most frequently, what events take place prior to the occurrence of the behaviors, and what maintains the inappropriate function(s) of the behavior