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ENMA > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

A _____, which is the output of planning, provides a methodical way of achieving desired results. It also serves as a useful guide

A

Plan

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2
Q

according to Nickels and others, it refers to “the management function that involves anticipating future trends and determining the best strategies and tactics to achieve organizational objectives.”

A

Planning

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3
Q

Who define planning as “the selection and sequential ordering of tasks required to achieve an organizational goal.”

A

Aldag and Stearns

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4
Q

They said that planning is deciding what will be done, who will do it, where, when and how it will be done, and the standards to which it will be done.

A

Cole and Hamilton

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5
Q

It is the selecting the best course of action so that the desired result may be achieved.

A

Planning

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6
Q

Planning activities undertaken at various levels, what are those

A
  1. Top management level - strategic planning
  2. Middle Management level - intermediate planning
  3. Lower management level - operational planning
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7
Q

It refers to the process of determining the major goals of the organization and the policies and strategies for obtaining and using resources to achieve those goals.

A

Strategic planning

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8
Q

It is the output of strategic planning in which splells out decision about long-range goals and the course of action to achieve these goals

A

Strategic plan

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9
Q

It refers to “the process of deter- mining the contributions that subunits can make with allocated resources.

A

Intermediate planning

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10
Q

the goals of a subunit are determined and a plan is prepared to provide a guide to the realization of the goals. It is designed to support the strategic plan

A

Intermediate planning

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11
Q

It refers to “the pro- cess of determining how specific tasks can best be ac- complished on time with available resources.

A

Operational planning

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12
Q

The planning process

A
  1. setting organizational, divisional, or unit goals
  2. developing strategies or tactics to reach those goals
  3. determining resources needed and
  4. setting standards.
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13
Q

The first task of the Engineer Manager is to provide a ______ __ _________ to his firm.

A

Sense of Direction

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14
Q

defined as the “precise statement of results sought, quantified in time and magnitude, where possible

A

Goals

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15
Q

The ways to realize the goals are called _______.

A

Strategies

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16
Q

defined as “a course of action aimed at ensuring that the organization will achieve its objectives.

A

Strategy

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17
Q

It is a short-term action taken by management to adjust to negative internal or external influences

A

Tactic

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18
Q

defined as “a quantitative or qualitative measuring device designed to help monitor the performances of people, capital goods, or processes

A

Standard

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19
Q

Types of plans

A
  1. Functional Area plans
    Plans
  2. Plans with time horizon
  3. Plans according to frequency of use
20
Q

Types of functional area plans

A
  1. Marketing plan
  2. Production plan
  3. Financial plan
  4. Human resource management plan
21
Q

this is the written document or blueprint for implementing and controlling an organization’s marketing activities related to a particular marketing strategy.

A

Marketing plan

22
Q

this is a written document that states the quantity of output a company must produce in broad terms and by product family.

A

Production plan

23
Q

it is a document that summa- rizes the current financial situation of the firm, analyzes financial needs, and recommends a direction for financial activities.

A

Financial plan

24
Q

it is a document that indicates the human resource needs of a company detailed in terms of quantity and quality and based on the requirements of the company’s strategic plan

A

Human resource management plan

25
Q

Plans with time horizon consist of two functions

A
  1. Short-range plan
  2. Long-range plan
26
Q

these are plans intended to cover a period of less than one year. First-line supervisors are mostly concerned with these plans.

A

Short-range plan

27
Q

these are plans covering a time span of more than one year. These are mostly undertaken by middle and top manage- ment.

A

Long-range plan

28
Q

Plans according to frequency use classified into two

A
  1. Standing plans
  2. Single-use plans
29
Q

These are plans that are used again and again, and they focus on managerial situations that recur repeatedly,

A

Standing plans

30
Q

Under standing plans, they are broad guidelines to aid managers at every level in making decisions about recurring situations or function.

A

Policies

31
Q

they are plans that describe the exact series of actions to be taken in a given situation.

A

Procedures

32
Q

they are statements that either require or forbid a certain action

A

Rules

33
Q

These plans are specifically developed to implement courses of action that are relatively unique and are unlikely to be repeated.

A

Single-use plans

34
Q

according to Weston and Brigham, it is “a plan which sets forth the projected expenditure for a certain activity and explains where the required funds will come from.”

A

Budget

35
Q

It is a single-use plan designed to coordinate a large set of activities

A

Program

36
Q

It is a single-use plan that is usually more limited in scope than a program and is sometimes pre- pared to support a program

A

Project

37
Q

William Cohen maintains that the following must be included in the marketing plan:

A
  1. The Executive Summary which presents an overall view of the marketing project and its potential.
  2. Table of Contents
  3. Situational Analysis and Target Market
  4. Marketing Objectives and Goals
  5. Marketing Strategies
  6. Marketing Tactics
  7. Schedules and Budgets
  8. Financial Data and Control
38
Q

The contents of the production plan

A
  1. the amount of capacity the company must have
  2. how many employees are required
  3. how much material must be purchased
39
Q

The contents of financial plan

A
  1. An analysis of the firm’s current financial con- dition as indicated by an analysis of the most recent statements
  2. A sales forecast
  3. The capital budget
  4. The cash budget
  5. A set of pro forma (or projected) financial state ments
  6. The external financing plan
40
Q

Contents of human resource plan

A
  1. personnel requirements of the company
  2. plans for recruitment and selection
  3. training plan
  4. retirement plan
41
Q

Parts of the strategic plan

A
  1. Company or corporate mission
  2. Objectives or goals
  3. Strategies
42
Q

refers to the “stra- tegic statement that identifies why an organization exists, its philosophy of management, and its purpose as distinguished from other similar organizations in terms of products, services, and markets.”

A

Company or corporate mission

43
Q

Contents of making planning effective

A
  1. recognize the planning barriers
  2. use of aids to planning
44
Q

The planning barriers, according to Plunkett and Attner

A
  1. manager’s inability to plan
  2. improper planning process
  3. lack of commitment to the planning process
  4. improper information
  5. focusing on the present at the expense of the future
  6. too much reliance on the planning department
  7. concentrating on only the controllable variables
45
Q

Aids to planning barriers

A
  1. Gather as much information as possible
  2. Develop multiple sources of information
  3. Involve others in the planning process

ENMA (2 decks)

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