chapter 3

Question 1

Distinguish between the following:
- typical and atypical behaviour
- atypical behaviour and maladaptive behaviour

Provide examples of each.

Answer 1

Typical behaviour (something that would usually or normally occur and is appropriate socially in a given situation)
Atypical behaviour (something that differs in some way from what is expected)

Atypical behaviour (something that differs in some way from what is expected) Maladaptive behaviour (something that prevents you from completing or adapting to everyday tasks)

Question 2

Describe the term “learning disability”.

Answer 2

Any disorder that affects ability to learn or makes it more difficult. Often permanent.

Question 3

Describe dyslexia.

Answer 3

A learning disability characterised by difficulties with reading, spelling and writing.

Question 4

What are some known causes of dyslexia?

Answer 4

• Genetics
• Brain injury
• Stroke
• Dementia

Question 5

Describe autism, causes, symptoms, etc.

Answer 5

Autism is a neurodevelopmental condition characterised by difficulties with social interaction and communication.

There is no currently known cause, but research has shown there is a genetic component to the condition.

Symptoms include:
- Sensory issues
- Learning difficulties
- Social difficulties
- Need for structure and routine
- Speech delays

Question 6

Describe the differences between psychologists and psychiatrists.

Answer 6

Psychologists: Trained in how people think, feel and behave; aid in treating conditions like anxiety, depression, etc

Psychiatrists: Qualified medical doctor specialised in the physical working of the brain and how that affects development; can prescribe medication and other therapies