Chapter 3 Flashcards by tinenew ◉⁠‿⁠◉

It specifies the written provisions necessary for protecting people and property from the improper use of electricity and electrical equipment.

Electrical Codes

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A set of specifications and standards in the form of a model code that can adopted into local law by the local government entity.

National Electrical Code

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The National Electrical Codes was established in year _______.

1897

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Sponsor of National Electrical Code

National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)

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Hazards often occur because of overloading of wiring systems by methods or usage not in conformity with this code.

FPN No.1

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It is highly recommended that a licensed electrical practitioner be consulted for any electrical requirements, including changes.

FPN No.2

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Fire Hazard, electrocution, serious injury or even death may also occur with lack or improper maintenance of wiring system.

FPN. No.3

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Encompasses protection against thermal effects, protection against overcurrent, protection against full currents, and protection against overvoltage.

FPN IEC 60634, Section 131

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This code covers the installation of electrical conductors, equipment and raceways, signaling and communications conductors.

Philippine Electrical Code

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This rules are those that identify actions that are specifically required or prohibited and are characterized by the use of terms shall or shall not.

Mandatory rules

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Rules that identify actions that are allowed but not required, are normally used to describe options or alternative methods.

Permissive rules

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References to other standards, references to related sections of this code. Information related to a code rule in the form of fine print notes (FPN).

Explanatory Material

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Are not part of the enforceable requirements of the PEC1, but are included for information purposes only.

Appendices

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Is not-for-profit product safety testing and certification organization, is the leading third-party certification org. in the United States and has been evaluation products in the interest of public safety since 1894.

Underwriters Laboratory, Inc. (UL)

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The leading trade association in U.S. representing the interests of electrical manufacturing. It’s member companies manufactured products are used in the generation, transmission and distribution, control, and use of electricity.

The National Electrical Manufacturing Association (NEMA)

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The purpose of this is to facilitate and promote the development of harmonized electro technical codes and standards and uniform conformity assessment methods.

The Council for Harmonization of Electrotechnical Standards of the Nations of the Americas

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It shows the layout and design of an electrical installation.

Electrical Construction Drawings

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__________ are well-arranged on the diagram drawings in the form of a one-line diagram.

Symbol

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_________ represents the conductors extending between two symbols regardless of the number of conductors.

One line

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A single line with three slashes indicates a three-wire set of conductors. (True or False)

True

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It is expressed as a nominal voltage because it varies slightly. It can carry about 90% to 105% of the nominal voltage under normal conditions.

Supply Voltage

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It is the principle voltages available in a building.

System Voltage

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This system of voltage carry voltages above 600 V may be used in special cases such as for large signage.

Medium and high voltage systems

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This voltage systems that carry voltages less than 600 V are typically used in buildings.

Low voltage systems

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It is required to complete a single-phase circuit by connecting the ungrounded (hot) conductor to ground. It is a grounded conductor that serves more than one circuit.

Grounded (Neutral) Conductor

A third conductor that provides supplementary but important grounding protection. It is not normally a current-carrying conductor, but is energized only on a temporary, emergency basis when there is a fault between an ungrounded (hot) conductor and any metal associated to the electrical equipment.

Grounding (Ground) Conductor

The most basic system voltage used. It was used in the first electrical services to buildings; however nearly all have since been upgraded.

120 V AC, 1-2W

The most common residential electrical service in use today. It is also used on a limited basis in light commercial buildings such as small office buildings, churches, and retail shops and stores.

120/240 V AC, 1-3W

An older electrical service found in small commercial buildings and high-rise buildings where three-phase motors, above about 1/2 horsepower, and equipment such as large air conditioners are used. It is not used very often in industry because a 480 V system is more economical for large motor loads.

208Y/120 V AC, 3-4W

It is a common electrical service in most modern medium to large commercial buildings. The 480 V three-phase power is used to power specially designed heavy machinery.

480Y/277 V AC, 3-4W

It is a less common electrical service in large commercial and industrial buildings that is used to power specially designed heavy machinery.

600/346 V AC, 3-4W

It is another fairly common electrical service found in commercial and industrial buildings where three-phase motors, above about 1/2 horsepower, and equipment such as large air conditioners are used.

240/120 V AC, 3-4W

It is the target voltage entering the service panel. It will vary slightly for different buildings because of variations of voltage available at the transformer and voltage drop in the service conductors.

System Voltage

A voltage drop occurs as current flows from the service equipment through the branch circuit conductors to the outlet . On a 120/240 V system, approximately 115/230 V is available at the outlet of the branch circuit. Measured voltage at an outlet or connection is called the line voltage.

Utilization Voltage

Wiring devices such as switches, receptacles, relays and conductors are designed to endure voltages slightly higher than the utilization Voltage. The highest voltage to which a wiring device can be exposed is know was the __________________.

Maximum Voltage

It is defined as a system or circuit conductor that is intentionally grounded.

Grounded Conductor

It performs the function of a grounded conductor for at least two ungrounded (hot) conductors that have sources from different voltage phases, such as on a multiwire branch circuit, multiwire feeder, and the electrical service. It is a grounded conductor that is shared between two or more ungrounded conductors.

Neutral Conductor

Neutral conductor is frequently called a _______________.

Shared neutral or common neutral.

Also called the hot wire.

Ungrounded Conductors

It is the practice of dividing loads as evenly as possible between the ungrounded conductors on a multiwire circuit, feeder, or service.

Load Balancing

Offers excess electricity the most effective and safest route from an appliance back to the ground by way of an electrical panel.

Grounding

It is a continuous conductor that connects the ground to the neutral bus bar and the grounding conducting bus bar in the service equipment/main panelboard.

Grounding Conductor

Is the part of a building electrical system that provides protection against electrical shock, lighting, and fires.

System Grounding

Refers to a grounding conductor or grounding path that connects the noncurrent-carrying metal components of equipment.

Equipment Grounding

It is accomplished by installing an additional grounding conductor or by permanently joining metal components in a circuit.

Bonding

It is a bare conductor or a green-colored, insulated conductor that connects the outlet boxes, metallic raceways, other enclosures and frames on motors, appliances, and other electrical equipment.

Equipment - Grounding Conductor

It protects the user from electric shock by creating a nonconducting barrier between the user and the electric components inside the appliance or tool.

Double Insulation

It means a ground-mounted of roof-top distributed solar generation system designed and installed for residential applications, which is leased by, or subject to a power purchase agreement with the owner of a residence for the purpose of generating electricity for that residence.

Residential Systems

Is a single building that's set up to accommodate more than one family living separately. That can range from a duplex, which has two dwellings within a single building, to homes or small apartment buildings with up to four units.

Multifamily Dwelling

What is the most common conductor materials used in building electrical wiring.

Copper and Aluminum

For electronic circuits and phone extensions

No. 20 AWG and smaller

For light-gauge extension cords, lamp cords, door chime wiring, small appliance cords.

No. 16 to 18 AWG

For normal 15 A and 20 A branch circuits serving small appliances, convenience (receptacle) outlets, and luminaries.

No. 12 to 14 AWG

Larger branch circuits at 30 A and above serving electrical appliances such as electrical water heaters, clothes dryers, air conditioning equipment, and water pumps.

No. 4 to 10 AWG

Heavy commercial and industrial service entrance conductors, large feeders to closet transformers, and panelboards.

No. 2 to 4/0 AWG 250 kcmol and larger

Conductors are covered with __________ to provide electrical isolation and physical protection of the conductor material.

insulation

Insulators like ________ and __________ are used as a covering for electric wires

plastic and rubber

It is the temperature of a surrounding medium.

Ambient temperature

The normal temperature range in the environment in which that conductor is to be used.

Ambient temperature rating

It is applied based on the ambient temperature of the conductor.

Temperature correction factor

Are favorite raceway materials used to protect conductors in all types of buildings.

Rigid conduit and tubing

Offers the advantage of easier installation and can be salvaged easily when circuits are rearranged.

Flexible conduit

It is required for flexible conduit. It can be bare or insulated.

Grounding Conductor

Cannot be used as the grounding conductor. It is manufactured from thermoplastics that have very high rates of thermal expansion.

Rigid nonmetallic conduit and tubing (ENT)

Permitted in single and multifamily dwelling units and some other buildings.

Nonmetallic - sheathed cable (NM and NMC)

It is used in dry, indoor applications.

Armored Cable (AC)

Is that portion of the building wiring system that extends beyond the final over current protection devices that is protecting the circuit.

Branch circuit

It is a point in a wiring system where current is taken to supply an appliance, piece of equipment, or lighting installation.

Outlet

This type of branch circuit serves one receptacle or piece of equipment such as for a range, clothes dryer, large copy machine, or other piece of machinery.

Individual Branch Circuit

The individual branch circuit is sometimes known in the trade as a ________________.

Dedicated or special purpose circuit

A branch circuit supplies two or more outlets for lighting and appliances. This type of circuit may be referred to as lighting circuit.

General Purpose Branch Circuit

This is the type of branch circuit that supplies energy to one or more outlets to which appliances are to be connected. They supply fixed electric equipment, such as refrigerators, washers, and other large appliances and electrical devices.

Appliance Branch Circuit

A branch circuit consisting of two or more undergrounded (hot) conductor having a voltage between them and a common neutral (grounded) conductor that is shared between the ungrounded conductors such as in a 120/240 V three - wire circuit.

Multiwire Branch Circuit

An emergency system of feeders and branch circuit that provides adequate power to patients and personnel.

Life Safety Branch Circuit

An emergency system of feeders and branch circuits intended to provide power to task illumination, special power circuits, and selected receptacles serving areas and functions related to patient care.

Critical Branch Circuit

____________ allows power to be drawn from two separate circuits on one duplex receptacle.

Split wiring

It is determined by the rating of the over current protection device used to protect the wiring in the circuit from excessive current flow.

Branch Circuit Rating

__________ feed more than one outlet for lighting or other purpose. It typically provide power to convenience receptacles and lighting outlets with ratings of 20 A and 15 A because of their ease of running and pulling the slender conductors required.

General Purpose Circuit

These circuits provide power to a single outlet such as a receptacle serving a range, clothes dryer, or copy machine.

Individual Circuits

This circuits served two or more outlets to which only appliances are connected.

Appliance Circuits

A _______________ is a connected load that operates for 3 hour or more at any time.

Continuous Load

An __________, a _________, or _________ serves to limit current levels in a conductor by interrupting power when current limitations are exceeded. It prevents excessive heat from damaging conductors and related equipment.

overcurrent protection (OCP) device, fuse, circuit breaker

A __________ is a set of conductors that carry a comparatively large amount of power from the service equipment to a second panelboard, called a subpanelboard, where branch circuits further distribute the power.

Feeder