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JUVENILE DELINQUENCY > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Causes of Delinquency

A
  1. Theoretical Causes
    1.1 Rational Choice
    1.2 Social Disorganization
    1.3 Bad Company
    1.4 Labeling
  2. External Causes
    2.1 Atmosphere at home
    2.2 Neighborhood
    2.3 Guardian’s Behavior
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2
Q

Also known as “emotional disturbance” in teens has no single know cause but there are a number factors that can together foster a predisposition for it

A

Emotional Behavior Disorder

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3
Q

Signs and Symptoms of Emotional Behavior Disorder

A
  1. Difficulty in Learning which cannot be explained by intellectual challenges or any other health issues
  2. An inability to develop healthy, interpersonal relationship with teachers and peers
  3. Inappropriate thoughts, emotions or actions under normal circumstances
  4. Frequent unhappiness, depression, fear or anxiety about life or school
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4
Q

Biological Factors | Emotional Behavior Disorder

A
  1. Prenatal exposure to drugs or alcohol
  2. A physical illness or disability
  3. An undermourished or malnourished lifestyle
  4. Brain damage
  5. Hereditary Factors
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5
Q

Home Life | Emotional Behavior Disorder

A
  1. Poverty
  2. Parent’s separation
  3. Inconsistent rules and unhealthy discipline
  4. Lack of concern to teens
  5. Family are poor role models
  6. Abusive parents or siblings
  7. Low rate of positive interactions and high rate of negative interactions in the family
  8. Family’s poor attitude towards school or education
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6
Q

School | Emotional Behavior Disorder

A
  1. Teachers creating a negative environment
  2. School is insensitive to student differences or cultural issues
  3. Inconsistent rules
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7
Q

Preventive Measures | Emotional Behavior Disorder

A
  1. Create consistency in your teen’s life and maintain a positive environment
  2. Provide clear and direct instructions to your teen for home and school life
  3. Correct negative factors in teen’s environment and encourage undesirable behavior
  4. Punish undesirable behavior and reward desirable behavior
  5. Create a plan for conflict resolution
  6. Invest your teen’s life and encourage their participation and belonging at home and at school
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8
Q

Causes of Behavioral Disorder

A
  1. Predisposing Factor
  2. Precipitating Factor
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9
Q

Inherited propensities that cannot be considered a criminal one unless there is a probability that a crime will be committed

A

Predisposing Factor

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10
Q

Elements which provoke crime or factors that are signified to the everyday adjustments of an individual

A

Precipitating Factor

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11
Q

Causation of Juvenile Delinquency

A

(FESPO-UP)

  1. Family Factors
  2. Environmental Factors
  3. School Factors
  4. Political or Governmental Factor
  5. Other Factors
    : Unemployment
    : Psychopathic Personality
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12
Q

It refers to the life events or experiences that are associated with an increase in problem behaviors.

A

Risk Factors

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13
Q

Five Categories of Risk Factors:

A

(1) Individual characteristics,
(2) Peer group,
(3) School,
(4) Family and
(5) Community

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14
Q

Refer to a self-formed association of peers, bound together by mutual interest with identifiable leaderships, well developed lines of authority and other organizational features who act in concert to achieve a specific purpose which generally Include the conduct of illegal activity and control over a particular territory, facility of type of enterprise

A

Juvenile Gangs

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15
Q

Commits delinquent acts in a group

A

Co-offending

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16
Q

Refers to a small group that shares intimate knowledge and confidence

A

Cliques

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17
Q

Loosely organized group who shares interest and activities

A

Crowd

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18
Q

▪︎ This is also known as domestic abuse or intimate partner violence;

▪︎ It refers to a pattern of behavior in any relationship that is used to gain or maintain power and control over an intimate partner

A

Domestic Violence

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19
Q

EARLY SOCIAL LEGAL HISTORY ON DOMESTIC VIOLENCE:

A
  1. Hammurabic Code
  2. Mosaic Code
  3. Roman Law
  4. Early Christianity
  5. Puritanism
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20
Q

The oldest written law is a collection of ______ rules which the ancient King Hammurabi used to govern Babylon during the years 1792 to 1750 BCE. It applies the Lex Talionis principle.

A

282 rules

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21
Q

▪︎ It is the ancient code of laws that, according to the Old Testament, were given by God to Moses.

▪︎ It consists of nomadic people and laws of an agricultural nation, laws reflecting a simple ritual and laws portraying an elaborate ceremonial; laws denouncing what other laws commend, laws recognizing a primitive political organization, and laws regulating the elaborate structure incident to a monarchy, and finally, laws reflecting a low moral standard, with others of the loftiest ethical tone.

A

Mosaic Code

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22
Q

According to this, the man was, is the “pater familias” or “father of the family the unquestioned head of his household. The power given to the men over their wives and children was supreme and absolute.

A

Roman Law

23
Q

In 15th Century, the Catholic Church established its “Rules of Marriage” which proclaimed a husband was a judge over his wife and recommend beating her as an accepted form of discipline that would benefit her soul

A

Early Christianity

24
Q

▪︎ The puritans are early colonists who settled in North America in the 17th century, had fied Europe in search of religious freedom, but they ended up basing much of the colonial legal system upon England.

▪︎ They are characterized by tight social order, rooted in Christian religious beliefs, to keep them safe and secure

A

Puritanism

25
Q

Enumerate the Types of Domestic Violence

A
  1. Intimate Terrorism
  2. Violence Resistance
  3. Situational Couple Violence
  4. Mutual Violent Resistance
26
Q

It is domestic violence where the perpetrator uses violence in the service of general control over his or her partner and the partner does not

A

Intimate Terrorism

27
Q

It is a domestic violence where the perpetrator uses violence and is controlling, or an intimate terrorist, and the partner resists the control of the perpetrator with violence

A

Violence Resistance

28
Q

It is domestic violence where the perpetrator is violent and his or her partner as well, however, neither of them uses violence to attempt to exert general control.

A

Situational Couple Violence

29
Q

It is a domestic violence where both members of the couple use violence in attempt to gain general control over their partner.

A

Mutual Violent Resistance

30
Q

▪︎ This was developed by Domestic Abuse Intervention Project, in Duluth, Minnesota

▪︎ It is a helpful tool in understanding the overall pattern of abusive and violent behaviors, which are used by an abuser to establish and maintain control over his/her partner or any other victim in the household

A

Power and Control Method

31
Q

Enumerate the Forms of Abuse

A
  1. Emotional Abuse
  2. Psychological Abuse
  3. Financial/ Economic Abuse
  4. Physical Abuse
  5. Sexual Abuse
  6. Stalking
  7. Isolation
  8. Patriarchal Domination
32
Q

This includes undermining a person’s sense through constant criticism, belittling one’s abilities; name-calling or other verbal abuse, damaging a partner’s relationship with children, or not letting a partner see friends and family

A

Emotional Abuse

33
Q

This involves causing fear by intimidation, threatening physical harm to self, partner or children, destruction of pets and property, “mind games”, or forcing Isolation from friends, family, school and/or work

A

Psychological Abuse

34
Q

This Involves making or attempting to make a person financially dependent by maintaining total control over financial resources, withholding access to money, and/or forbidding attendance at school or employment.

A

Financial of Economic Abuse

35
Q

This involves trying to hurt or hurting a partner by hitting, kicking. grabbing, burning, pinching, shoving, hair- pulling, biting, denying medical care or force alcohol and/or drug abuse or other physical force

A

Physical Abuse

36
Q

This involves “Sexual Coercion” forcing a partner to take part in a sex when partner does not consent

A

Sexual Abuse

37
Q

This involves arry pattern of behavior that serves no legitimate purpose and is intended to harass, annoy, or terrorize the victim.

A

Stalking

38
Q

It is connected to controlling behaviors. It often begins as an expression of their love for the victim

A

Isolation

39
Q

This involves any acts adhering to cultural beliefs that must be dominant over women

A

Patriarchal Domination

40
Q

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), it is estimated that up to 1 billion children from __________ years of age have experienced physical, sexual, or emotional violence or neglect in the past year across the world

A

2-17 years of age

41
Q

Children who witness violence between parents may also be at greater risk of being violent in their future relationships. Witnessing can mean the following:

A
  1. Seeing
  2. Hearing
  3. Observing
  4. Aware
42
Q

JUVENILE DELINQUENCY AND POTENTIAL EFFECTS IN CHILDREN WHO WITNESS VIOLENCE

A
  1. Infants
    ▪︎ Needs for attachment
    ▪︎ Poor Sleeping Habits
    ▪︎ Eating Problems
    ▪︎ Higher Risk of Physical Injury
  2. Pre-school Children
    ▪︎ Lack of feeling safety
    ▪︎ Separation/Stranger Anxiety
    ▪︎ Regressive Behavior
    ▪︎ Insomnia/Parasomnia
  3. School-aged Children
    ▪︎ Self-blame
    ▪︎ Somatic Complaints
    ▪︎ Aggressive/Regressive Behavior

4) Adolescents
▪︎ School Truancy
▪︎ Delinquency
▪︎ Substance Abuse
▪︎ Early Sexual Activity

43
Q

ENUMERATE THE SIX TYPES OF VIOLENCE AGAINST CHILDREN

A
  1. Maltreatment
  2. Bullying
  3. Youth Violence
  4. Intimate Partner Violence
  5. Sexual Violence
  6. Emotional Violence
44
Q

This includes violent punishment, which involves physical, sexual, and psychological/emotional violence; and neglect of infants, children, and adolescents by parents, caregivers, and other authority figures

A

Maltreatment

45
Q

This includes cyber-bullying. This refers to the unwanted aggressive behavior by another child or group of children who are neither siblings nor in a romantic relationship with the victim

A

Bullying

46
Q

It is concentrated among children and young aduts aged _______ years, occurs most often in community settings between acquaintances and strangers, and includes bullying and physical assault with or without weapons.

A

Youth Violence | 10-29 years

47
Q

This involves physical, sexual, and emotional violence by an intimate partner or ex partner It commonly occurs against girls in child marriages and early forced marriages. It is sometimes called “dating violence”

A

Intimate Partner Violence

48
Q

This includes non-consensual completed or attempted sexual contact and acts of a sexual nature net involving contacts such as voyeurism or sexual harassment, acts of sexual trafficking committed against someone who is unable to consent or refuse and online exploitation

A

Sexual Violence

49
Q

This includes restricting a child’s movement, denigration, ridicule, threats and intimidation, discrimination, rejection and other non-physical forms of hostile treatment

A

Emotional Violence

50
Q

It is an act defining violence against women and their children, providing for protective measures for victims. It is otherwise known as the “Anti- Violence Against Women and their Children Act of 2004”

A

Republic Act 9262

51
Q

It is an act providing for stronger deterrence and special protection against child abuse, exploitation, and discrimination. It is otherwise known as the “Special Protection of Children Against Abuse, Exploitation and Discrimination Act.”

A

Republic Act 7610

52
Q

Refers to the maltreatment, whether habitual or not, of a child

A

Child abuse

53
Q

What act penalizes the following acts:
1. Child Prostitution and Other Sexual Abuse
2. Child Trafficking
3. Obscene Publication and Indecent Sho

  1. Other Acts of Abuse
A

Republic Act 7610

JUVENILE DELINQUENCY (3 decks)

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