Chapter 3 Flashcards
1
Q
- Social sustainability for the company Patagonia includes:
A. third-party audits of factories that provide nonbiased assessments of the factories.
B. permission to use formaldehyde in the manufacture of its clothing.
C. the discretion of each factory to determine the percentage of each product that is recyclable.
D. modification of its supply chain from an environmental viewpoint, leaving corporate social responsibility solely in the hands of each supplier.
A
third-party audits of factories that provide nonbiased assessments of the factories.
2
Q
- In the context of sustainability in operations and products, Nestlé encourages _____.
A. compensation benefits
B. resource efficiency
C. use of industrial refrigerants
D. long-distance shipping of raw materials
A
resource efficiency
3
Q
- In an attempt to achieve its secondary goal of inspiring sustainability across the entire automobile industry, Tesla _____.
A. introduced a full-size gas-powered SUV
B. partnered with Toyota to design luxury sedans for the masses
C. designed a high-performance sports car that could accelerate from zero to 60 in less than four seconds
D. partnered with Mercedes to provide powertrain components for its electric models
A
partnered with Mercedes to provide powertrain components for its electric models
4
Q
- Which of the following views the individual as part of, rather than separate from, nature?
A. Aristotelian virtue ethics
B. Utilitarianism
C. Kantian philosophical traditions
D. Eastern philosophy
A
Eastern philosophy
5
Q
- Which of the following statements is true about utilitarianism?
A. It is aimed at minimizing utility and maximizing morality.
B. It is an attractive perspective for business decision making.
C. It emphasizes the formation of good character in individuals.
A
It is an attractive perspective for business decision making.
6
Q
- Which of the following statements is true about Kantian philosophical traditions?
A. They argue that individuals have responsibilities based on a core set of moral principles that go beyond those of narrow self-interest.
B. They argue that what is distinctive about rational behavior is the fact that it is self-interested and purpose driven.
C. They ask to accept consequences, either conceivable or likely, as morally relevant when evaluating the choice of an agent.
D. They state that rational beings are incapable of evaluating their choices through the lens of a universal law or the “categorical imperative.”
A
They argue that individuals have responsibilities based on a core set of moral principles that go beyond those of narrow self-interest.
7
Q
- According to Aristotelian virtue ethics, which of the following statements is true?
A. Social and institutional arrangements play an insignificant role in the formation of good character in individuals.
B. The universe is described and categorized from a detached, objective viewpoint.
C. A given act is morally correct if the ratio of benefit to harm is greater than the ratio resulting from an alternative act.
D. A good, or virtuous, individual does what is right for the right reasons.
A
A good, or virtuous, individual does what is right for the right reasons.
8
Q
- Which of the following statements is true about the adage “When in Rome, do as the Romans do”?
A. The adage is derived from the idea of cultural relativism.
B. Its logic is similar to an economic calculation of utility or cost-benefit.
C. The adage assumes that an individual is distinct from the entire universe.
D. It is derived from the idea that a virtuous individual derives utmost satisfaction from his or her good actions.
A
The adage is derived from the idea of cultural relativism.
9
Q
- Unlike Western perspectives, Eastern perspectives _____.
A. typically hold that people are an intrinsic and inseparable part of the universe
B. provide an account of what character traits contribute to pursuing and realizing the good in concrete ways
C. are based on a logic similar to an economic calculation of utility or cost-benefit
D. emphasize the greatest happiness principle as an individual’s moral standard
A
typically hold that people are an intrinsic and inseparable part of the universe
10
Q
- In the context of human rights, which country has experienced widespread human trafficking that has accelerated in recent years?
A. South Africa
B. India
C. Russia
D. China
A
Russia
11
Q
- In the context of human rights, identify a true statement about women’s rights and gender equity.
A. Japan has equal opportunity initiatives, whether they are guaranteed by law or are represented by growing social groups.
B. Many women college graduates in Great Britain are still offered only secretarial or low-level jobs.
C. Two-thirds of businesses in France have no female members on their senior leadership teams.
D. Germany has seen an increase in the number of women both in the workforce and in management positions.
A
Germany has seen an increase in the number of women both in the workforce and in management positions.
12
Q
- In the context of human rights, which of the following best reflects a glass ceiling effect?
A. Sexual harassment at workplace
B. Reduction of child labor
C. Unequal managerial opportunities
A
Unequal managerial opportunities
13
Q
- In early 2010, the issue of relatively low wages paid by _____ subcontractors made the headlines after a number of suicides by workers at factories run by Foxconn.
A. Vietnamese
B. Malaysian
C. Mexican
D. Chinese
A
Chinese
14
Q
- Which of the following statements is true about women’s rights and gender equity in Japan?
A. There has been an increase in the number of women not only in the workforce but also in management positions.
B. It has equal opportunity initiatives, whether they are guaranteed by law or are represented by growing social groups.
C. Many women college graduates are still offered only secretarial or low-level jobs.
D. Japanese women have still not experienced the effects of a “glass ceiling.”
A
Many women college graduates are still offered only secretarial or low-level jobs.
15
Q
- The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) has an inverted U-shape partly because:
A. compensation packages are standardized at relatively high levels of income.
B. the use of natural resources increases with income at relatively low levels of income.
C. working conditions are regularized at relatively low levels of income.
D. the emission of wastes decreases with income at relatively low levels of income.
A
the use of natural resources increases with income at relatively low levels of income.
16
Q
- In the context of human rights, one violation of human rights that resonated with MNCs and made them question whether to move operations into China was:
A. the imposition of restrictions on religious practices by foreigners in China in January 1994.
B. the violent June 1989 crackdown on student protesters in Beijing’s Tiananmen Square.
C. the dramatic increase in the use of death penalty in China.
D. the open discrimination against women in China since 1979.
A
the violent June 1989 crackdown on student protesters in Beijing’s Tiananmen Square.
17
Q
- Which of the following scenarios best exemplifies a glass ceiling effect?
A. Elena asks her team to contribute toward a green economy.
B. Roger asks his senior manager to standardize compensation packages at the top level.
C. Sheba is not considered for the role of a senior manager because she is a woman.
D. Keith is not considered for the role of a factory worker because he is a child.
A
Sheba is not considered for the role of a senior manager because she is a woman.
18
Q
- In the context of globalization and ethical obligations of MNCs, the transfer of the labor force overseas creates:
A. an interesting dynamic in the scope of ethics and corporate responsibility.
B. a general ambiance of nondiscriminatory practices.
C. an ideal environment for women to work in.
D. equal employment opportunities for both men and women.
A
an interesting dynamic in the scope of ethics and corporate responsibility.
19
Q
- In the context of corporate governance, in an insider system, such as that in many continental European countries, _____.
A. ownership tends to be much more concentrated
B. institutions have limited direct control
C. institutional investor ownership is predominant
D. corporate equity is largely dispersed among outside stakeholders
A
ownership tends to be much more concentrated
20
Q
- The _____ makes it illegal for U.S. companies and their managers to influence foreign officials through personal payments or political contributions.
A. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act
B. Global Bribery Act
C. International Ethics and Bribery Act
D. Export-Import Ethical Standards Act
A
Foreign Corrupt Practices Act
