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RAD 474 > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Function of respiratory system

A

Oxygenate blood
remove waste products in form of CO2

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2
Q

List 3 cavities of thorax

A

pleural cavity
mediastinum
pericardial cavity

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3
Q

Pleural cavity outer to inner

A

parietal pleura
pleural cavity
visceral pleura

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4
Q

components of upper respiratory system

A

nasopharynx
oropharynx
larynx

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5
Q

components of lower respiratory system

A

trachea
bronchi
bronchioles

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6
Q

Location of trachea
a. pleural cavity
b. visceral pleura
c. mediastinum
d. pericardial cavity

A

c

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7
Q

trachea function
a. carries air into right and left bronchus
b. passageway for air into lungs

A

a. carries air into right and left bronchus

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8
Q

bronchi function
a. carries air into right and left bronchus
b. passageway for air into lungs

A

b. passageway for air into lungs

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9
Q

How many branches of bronchi are there?

A

2-3 each lung

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10
Q

right lung ___ lobes
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4

A

b

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11
Q

left lung ___ lobes
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4

A

2

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12
Q

heart should be ____ of lung cavity

A

1/3

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13
Q

Diffuse “white out” of lungs from traumatic event
a. acute respiratory distress syndrome
b. cystic fibrosis
c. croup

A

acute respiratory distress syndrome

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14
Q

excess viscous mucus by all exocrine glands
a. acute respiratory distress syndrome
b. cystic fibrosis
c. croup

A

cystic fibrosis

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15
Q

autosomal recessive disorder, thick mucus in trachea and bronchi blocking air passageway
a. acute respiratory distress syndrome
b. cystic fibrosis
c. croup

A

b

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16
Q

break down of lungs, leakage of cells and fluid into interstitial and alveolar spaces
a. acute respiratory distress syndrome
b. cystic fibrosis
c. croup

A

a

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17
Q

barking cough and subglottic swelling
a. acute respiratory distress syndrome
b. cystic fibrosis
c. croup

A

c

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18
Q

inflammation blocking air in the alveoli
a. alveolar pneumonia
b. broncho-pneumonia
c. interstitial pneumonia
d. covid-19 pneumonia

A

a

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19
Q

pneumococcal pneumonia
a. alveolar pneumonia
b. broncho-pneumonia
c. interstitial pneumonia
d. covid-19 pneumonia

A

a

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20
Q

caused by staphylococcal infection leading to atelectasis + loss of lung volume
a. alveolar pneumonia
b. broncho-pneumonia
c. interstitial pneumonia
d. covid-19 pneumonia

A

b

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21
Q

caused by viral or mycoplasmal infections
a. alveolar pneumonia
b. broncho-pneumonia
c. interstitial pneumonia
d. covid-19 pneumonia

A

c

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22
Q

linear or reticular pattern (honeycomb) lung
a. alveolar pneumonia
b. broncho-pneumonia
c. interstitial pneumonia
d. covid-19 pneumonia

A

c

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23
Q

bilateral interstitial pneumonia
a. alveolar pneumonia
b. broncho-pneumonia
c. interstitial pneumonia
d. covid-19 pneumonia

A

d

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24
Q

bilateral patchy opacities and no visible left heart border
a. alveolar pneumonia
b. broncho-pneumonia
c. interstitial pneumonia
d. covid-19 pneumonia

A

d

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25
Q

caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis and spreads by air
a. tuberculosis
b. pulmonary mycosis
c. histoplasmosis
d.respiratory syncytial virus

A

a

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26
Q

appears as cottage cheese
a. tuberculosis
b. pulmonary mycosis
c. histoplasmosis
d.respiratory syncytial virus

A

a

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27
Q

4 radiographic patterns in primary TB

A
  1. lobar or segmental air-space consolidation
  2. enlargement of hilar or mediastinal lymph nodes
  3. ghon lesion
  4. pleural effusion
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28
Q

fungal infection of the lung
a. tuberculosis
b. pulmonary mycosis
c. histoplasmosis
d.respiratory syncytial virus

A

b

29
Q

2 types of fungal infections

A

histoplasmosis
coccidioidomycosis

30
Q

enlargement of hilar lymph node
a. histoplasmosis
b. coccidioidomycosis

A

a

31
Q

popcorn of lymph node calcification
a. tuberculosis
b. pulmonary mycosis
c. histoplasmosis
d.respiratory syncytial virus

A

b

32
Q

viral attack on lower respiratory tract causing necrosis of respiratory epithelium
a. tuberculosis
b. pulmonary mycosis
c. histoplasmosis
d.respiratory syncytial virus

A

d

33
Q

bronchial spasm and pneumonia; spreads by droplet
a. tuberculosis
b. pulmonary mycosis
c. histoplasmosis
d.respiratory syncytial virus

A

d

34
Q

RUL opacification, hyperinflation with diffuse increased interstitial markings
a. tuberculosis
b. pulmonary mycosis
c. histoplasmosis
d.respiratory syncytial virus

A

d

35
Q

severe coughing with production of sputum
a. chronic bronchitis
b. emphysema
c. asthma
d. bronchiectasis

A

a

36
Q

thickening of bronchi and bronchioles and production of viscous mucus
a. chronic bronchitis
b. emphysema
c. asthma
d. bronchiectasis

A

a

37
Q

obstructed and destructive changes in acini or terminal bronchioles
a. chronic bronchitis
b. emphysema
c. asthma
d. bronchiectasis

A

b

38
Q

increased volume of air in lungs due to over inflation of lung
a. chronic bronchitis
b. emphysema
c. asthma
d. bronchiectasis

A

b

39
Q

large air filled spaces known as ___

A

bullae

40
Q

barrel chest, flattened diaphragms
a. chronic bronchitis
b. emphysema
c. asthma
d. bronchiectasis

A

b

41
Q

chronic inflammation of bronchial system leading to airway obstruction and bronchial hypersensitivity to allergens
a. chronic bronchitis
b. emphysema
c. asthma
d. bronchiectasis

A

c

42
Q

2 types of asthma

A

extrinsic
intrinsic

43
Q

swelling of mucous membrane of bronchi, excess mucus, spasm of smooth muscle in bronchial walls
a. chronic bronchitis
b. emphysema
c. asthma
d. bronchiectasis

A

c

44
Q

increased volume of hyperlucent lungs with flattening of hemidiaphragms
a. chronic bronchitis
b. emphysema
c. asthma
d. bronchiectasis

A

c

45
Q

permanent abnormal dilation of one or more large bronchi = loss of elastic and muscular components of bronchial wall
a. chronic bronchitis
b. emphysema
c. asthma
d. bronchiectasis

A

d

46
Q

caused by viral or bacterial infection and chronic coughing
a. chronic bronchitis
b. emphysema
c. asthma
d. bronchiectasis

A

d

47
Q

increased bronchovascular markings and tram lines on dilated bronchi
a. chronic bronchitis
b. emphysema
c. asthma
d. bronchiectasis

A

d

48
Q

appears centrally dense or popcorn calcification; can be asymptomatic or incidental
a. solitary pulmonary nodule
b. bronchial carcinoid tumors
c. bronchogenic carcinoma
d. metastasis

A

a

49
Q

neoplasms of low grade malignancy; appears as peripheral atelectasis
a. solitary pulmonary nodule
b. bronchial carcinoid tumors
c. bronchogenic carcinoma
d. metastasis

A

b

50
Q

Sx: hemoptysis, pneumonia, and pleural pain
a. solitary pulmonary nodule
b. bronchial carcinoid tumors
c. bronchogenic carcinoma
d. metastasis

A

b

51
Q

round nodule located partially in lateral aspect of right bronchus
a. solitary pulmonary nodule
b. bronchial carcinoid tumors
c. bronchogenic carcinoma
d. metastasis

A

b

52
Q

primarily arises from mucosa of bronchial tree
a. solitary pulmonary nodule
b. bronchial carcinoid tumors
c. bronchogenic carcinoma
d. metastasis

A

c

53
Q

how to identify bronchogenic carcinoma

A

size and location
discrete mass
obstruction
unilateral enlargement of hilum

54
Q

types of bronchogenic carcinoma

A

non-small cell carcinoma
small cell carcinoma (oat cell)

55
Q

types of non-small cell carcinoma

A

squamous carcinoma
adenocarcinoma
bronchiolar carcinoma (alveolar cell)

56
Q

arises in major bronchi
a. squamous carcinoma
b. adenocarcinoma
c. bronchiolar carcinoma
d. oat cell carcinoma

A

a

57
Q

arises in periphery of lung
a. squamous carcinoma
b. adenocarcinoma
c. bronchiolar carcinoma
d. oat cell carcinoma

A

b

58
Q

bulky enlargement of hilar lymph nodes
a. squamous carcinoma
b. adenocarcinoma
c. bronchiolar carcinoma
d. oat cell carcinoma

A

d

59
Q

caused by deep vein thrombosis
a. pulmonary embolism
b. pleural effusion
c. pleural empyema

A

a

60
Q

appearance lung consolidation, hampton hump, and non specific parenchymal density and pleural effusion
a. pulmonary embolism
b. pleural effusion
c. pleural empyema

A

a

61
Q

accumulation of fluid in pleural space; blunting of costophrenic angle
a. pulmonary embolism
b. pleural effusion
c. pleural empyema

A

b

62
Q

presence of infected liquid or pus in pleural space
a. pulmonary embolism
b. pleural effusion
c. pleural empyema

A

c

63
Q

similar to pleural effusion; Sx: fever, dyspnea and pleuritic pattern
a. pulmonary embolism
b. pleural effusion
c. pleural empyema

A

c

64
Q

diminishing air within lung, reduced lung volume and bronchial obstruction
a. atelectasis
b. pneumothorax

A

a

65
Q

how is atelectasis caused

A

air cannot enter from obstructed bronchus = lung collapse

66
Q

presence of air in pleural cavity leading to partial or complete collapse of lung
a. atelectasis
b. pneumothorax

A

b

67
Q

appears with visceral pleural line
a. atelectasis
b. pneumothorax

A

b

68
Q

Sx: severe chest pain and dyspnea
a. atelectasis
b. pneumothorax

A

b

RAD 474 (3 decks)

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