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RAD 474 > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Function of respiratory system

A

Oxygenate blood
remove waste products in form of CO2

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2
Q

List 3 cavities of thorax

A

pleural cavity
mediastinum
pericardial cavity

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3
Q

Pleural cavity outer to inner

A

parietal pleura
pleural cavity
visceral pleura

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4
Q

components of upper respiratory system

A

nasopharynx
oropharynx
larynx

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5
Q

components of lower respiratory system

A

trachea
bronchi
bronchioles

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6
Q

Location of trachea
a. pleural cavity
b. visceral pleura
c. mediastinum
d. pericardial cavity

A

c

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7
Q

trachea function
a. carries air into right and left bronchus
b. passageway for air into lungs

A

a. carries air into right and left bronchus

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8
Q

bronchi function
a. carries air into right and left bronchus
b. passageway for air into lungs

A

b. passageway for air into lungs

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9
Q

How many branches of bronchi are there?

A

2-3 each lung

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10
Q

right lung ___ lobes
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4

A

b

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11
Q

left lung ___ lobes
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4

A

2

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12
Q

heart should be ____ of lung cavity

A

1/3

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13
Q

Diffuse “white out” of lungs from traumatic event
a. acute respiratory distress syndrome
b. cystic fibrosis
c. croup

A

acute respiratory distress syndrome

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14
Q

excess viscous mucus by all exocrine glands
a. acute respiratory distress syndrome
b. cystic fibrosis
c. croup

A

cystic fibrosis

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15
Q

autosomal recessive disorder, thick mucus in trachea and bronchi blocking air passageway
a. acute respiratory distress syndrome
b. cystic fibrosis
c. croup

A

b

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16
Q

break down of lungs, leakage of cells and fluid into interstitial and alveolar spaces
a. acute respiratory distress syndrome
b. cystic fibrosis
c. croup

A

a

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17
Q

barking cough and subglottic swelling
a. acute respiratory distress syndrome
b. cystic fibrosis
c. croup

A

c

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18
Q

inflammation blocking air in the alveoli
a. alveolar pneumonia
b. broncho-pneumonia
c. interstitial pneumonia
d. covid-19 pneumonia

A

a

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19
Q

pneumococcal pneumonia
a. alveolar pneumonia
b. broncho-pneumonia
c. interstitial pneumonia
d. covid-19 pneumonia

A

a

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20
Q

caused by staphylococcal infection leading to atelectasis + loss of lung volume
a. alveolar pneumonia
b. broncho-pneumonia
c. interstitial pneumonia
d. covid-19 pneumonia

A

b

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21
Q

caused by viral or mycoplasmal infections
a. alveolar pneumonia
b. broncho-pneumonia
c. interstitial pneumonia
d. covid-19 pneumonia

A

c

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22
Q

linear or reticular pattern (honeycomb) lung
a. alveolar pneumonia
b. broncho-pneumonia
c. interstitial pneumonia
d. covid-19 pneumonia

A

c

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23
Q

bilateral interstitial pneumonia
a. alveolar pneumonia
b. broncho-pneumonia
c. interstitial pneumonia
d. covid-19 pneumonia

A

d

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24
Q

bilateral patchy opacities and no visible left heart border
a. alveolar pneumonia
b. broncho-pneumonia
c. interstitial pneumonia
d. covid-19 pneumonia

A

d

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25
caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis and spreads by air a. tuberculosis b. pulmonary mycosis c. histoplasmosis d.respiratory syncytial virus
a
26
appears as cottage cheese a. tuberculosis b. pulmonary mycosis c. histoplasmosis d.respiratory syncytial virus
a
27
4 radiographic patterns in primary TB
1. lobar or segmental air-space consolidation 2. enlargement of hilar or mediastinal lymph nodes 3. ghon lesion 4. pleural effusion
28
fungal infection of the lung a. tuberculosis b. pulmonary mycosis c. histoplasmosis d.respiratory syncytial virus
b
29
2 types of fungal infections
histoplasmosis coccidioidomycosis
30
enlargement of hilar lymph node a. histoplasmosis b. coccidioidomycosis
a
31
popcorn of lymph node calcification a. tuberculosis b. pulmonary mycosis c. histoplasmosis d.respiratory syncytial virus
b
32
viral attack on lower respiratory tract causing necrosis of respiratory epithelium a. tuberculosis b. pulmonary mycosis c. histoplasmosis d.respiratory syncytial virus
d
33
bronchial spasm and pneumonia; spreads by droplet a. tuberculosis b. pulmonary mycosis c. histoplasmosis d.respiratory syncytial virus
d
34
RUL opacification, hyperinflation with diffuse increased interstitial markings a. tuberculosis b. pulmonary mycosis c. histoplasmosis d.respiratory syncytial virus
d
35
severe coughing with production of sputum a. chronic bronchitis b. emphysema c. asthma d. bronchiectasis
a
36
thickening of bronchi and bronchioles and production of viscous mucus a. chronic bronchitis b. emphysema c. asthma d. bronchiectasis
a
37
obstructed and destructive changes in acini or terminal bronchioles a. chronic bronchitis b. emphysema c. asthma d. bronchiectasis
b
38
increased volume of air in lungs due to over inflation of lung a. chronic bronchitis b. emphysema c. asthma d. bronchiectasis
b
39
large air filled spaces known as ___
bullae
40
barrel chest, flattened diaphragms a. chronic bronchitis b. emphysema c. asthma d. bronchiectasis
b
41
chronic inflammation of bronchial system leading to airway obstruction and bronchial hypersensitivity to allergens a. chronic bronchitis b. emphysema c. asthma d. bronchiectasis
c
42
2 types of asthma
extrinsic intrinsic
43
swelling of mucous membrane of bronchi, excess mucus, spasm of smooth muscle in bronchial walls a. chronic bronchitis b. emphysema c. asthma d. bronchiectasis
c
44
increased volume of hyperlucent lungs with flattening of hemidiaphragms a. chronic bronchitis b. emphysema c. asthma d. bronchiectasis
c
45
permanent abnormal dilation of one or more large bronchi = loss of elastic and muscular components of bronchial wall a. chronic bronchitis b. emphysema c. asthma d. bronchiectasis
d
46
caused by viral or bacterial infection and chronic coughing a. chronic bronchitis b. emphysema c. asthma d. bronchiectasis
d
47
increased bronchovascular markings and tram lines on dilated bronchi a. chronic bronchitis b. emphysema c. asthma d. bronchiectasis
d
48
appears centrally dense or popcorn calcification; can be asymptomatic or incidental a. solitary pulmonary nodule b. bronchial carcinoid tumors c. bronchogenic carcinoma d. metastasis
a
49
neoplasms of low grade malignancy; appears as peripheral atelectasis a. solitary pulmonary nodule b. bronchial carcinoid tumors c. bronchogenic carcinoma d. metastasis
b
50
Sx: hemoptysis, pneumonia, and pleural pain a. solitary pulmonary nodule b. bronchial carcinoid tumors c. bronchogenic carcinoma d. metastasis
b
51
round nodule located partially in lateral aspect of right bronchus a. solitary pulmonary nodule b. bronchial carcinoid tumors c. bronchogenic carcinoma d. metastasis
b
52
primarily arises from mucosa of bronchial tree a. solitary pulmonary nodule b. bronchial carcinoid tumors c. bronchogenic carcinoma d. metastasis
c
53
how to identify bronchogenic carcinoma
size and location discrete mass obstruction unilateral enlargement of hilum
54
types of bronchogenic carcinoma
non-small cell carcinoma small cell carcinoma (oat cell)
55
types of non-small cell carcinoma
squamous carcinoma adenocarcinoma bronchiolar carcinoma (alveolar cell)
56
arises in major bronchi a. squamous carcinoma b. adenocarcinoma c. bronchiolar carcinoma d. oat cell carcinoma
a
57
arises in periphery of lung a. squamous carcinoma b. adenocarcinoma c. bronchiolar carcinoma d. oat cell carcinoma
b
58
bulky enlargement of hilar lymph nodes a. squamous carcinoma b. adenocarcinoma c. bronchiolar carcinoma d. oat cell carcinoma
d
59
caused by deep vein thrombosis a. pulmonary embolism b. pleural effusion c. pleural empyema
a
60
appearance lung consolidation, hampton hump, and non specific parenchymal density and pleural effusion a. pulmonary embolism b. pleural effusion c. pleural empyema
a
61
accumulation of fluid in pleural space; blunting of costophrenic angle a. pulmonary embolism b. pleural effusion c. pleural empyema
b
62
presence of infected liquid or pus in pleural space a. pulmonary embolism b. pleural effusion c. pleural empyema
c
63
similar to pleural effusion; Sx: fever, dyspnea and pleuritic pattern a. pulmonary embolism b. pleural effusion c. pleural empyema
c
64
diminishing air within lung, reduced lung volume and bronchial obstruction a. atelectasis b. pneumothorax
a
65
how is atelectasis caused
air cannot enter from obstructed bronchus = lung collapse
66
presence of air in pleural cavity leading to partial or complete collapse of lung a. atelectasis b. pneumothorax
b
67
appears with visceral pleural line a. atelectasis b. pneumothorax
b
68
Sx: severe chest pain and dyspnea a. atelectasis b. pneumothorax
b

RAD 474 (3 decks)

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