Chapter 3

Question 1

Acculturation

Answer 1

Refers to changes that take place as a result of contact with culturally different people, groups, and social influences. Most often studied in individuals who live in countries or regions other than where they were born. Generally focuses on: immigrants, refugees, asylum seekers, sojourners

Question 2

Berry’s acculturation strategies

Answer 2

Strategies
1. the extent to which immigrant or other non-dominant groups wish to maintain (or give up) their cultural attributes and;
2. the extent to which they wish to have contact with (or avoid) others outside their cultural group.

Categories
1. Assimilation: adopting the receiving culture and discarding the heritage culture;
2. Separation: rejecting the receiving culture and retaining the heritage culture;
3. Integration: adopting the receiving culture and retaining the heritage culture;
4. Marginalization: rejecting both heritage and receiving culture

Question 3

Cultural maintenance

Question 4

Intercultural contact

Question 5

What is the unidimensional model of acculturation

Question 6

Define acculturation expectations (sometimes referred to as the context a reception or what society expects newcomers to do)

Question 7

Bicuturalism

Answer 7

often associated with the most favorable psychosocial outcomes, especially among youth immigrants. Bicultural individuals tend to be better adjusted. A bi-dimensional approach to acculturation and expansion of it subsumes similar constructs such as assimilation and enculturation. Recall assimilation. Enculturation - the process of selectively acquiring or retaining elements of the heritage culture while also selectively acquiring some elements of the receiving culture.

Question 8

Why is biculturalism ideal

Question 9

Three types of adaptation

Answer 9

1. Phycological adaptation: personal qualities of well-being;
2. Sociocultural adaptation: features of the relationship between the acculturating individuals and their new social worlds;
3. Intercultural adaptation: includes of prejudice and discrimination.

Question 10

Negative aspects of mal-adaptation

Question 11

Criticisms of acculturation theory