Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medical Terminology (ch. 2, 3, 4, 11, 13, 9, 14) > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

oste/o ost/o

A

bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

myel/o

A

bone marrow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

chondr/o

A

cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

arthr/o

A

joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

ligament/o

A

ligaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

synovi/o synov/o

A

synovial membrane/synovial fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

burs/o

A

bursa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

ankyl/o

A

crooked, bent, stiff

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

cost/o

A

rib

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

crani/o

A

skull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

-desis

A

to bind or tie together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

kyph/o

A

bent, hump

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

lord/o

A

curve, swayback, bent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

scoli/o

A

curved, bent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

lumb/o

A

lumbar, lower back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

acetabulum

A

also known as the hip socket; the large circular cavity in each side of the pelvis that articulates with the head of the femur to form the hip joint.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

spondyl/o

A

vertebrae, vertebral column, backbone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

allogenic

A

originating within another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

ankylosing spondylitis

A

“a type of arthritis that primarily causes inflammation of the joints between the vertebrae.”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

arthrodesis

A

“the surgical fusion (joining together) of two bones to stiffen a joint, such as an ankle, elbow, or shoulder.”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

arthroscopy

A

visual examination of the internal structure of a joint using an arthroscope.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

autologous

A

originating within an individual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

avascular necrosis

A

an area of bone tissue death caused by insufficient blood flow.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

bone marrow transplant

A

a stem cell transplant used to treat certain types of cancers, such as leukemia and lymphomas.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

callus

A

a bulging deposit that forms around the area of the break in a bone; also a thickening of the skin that is caused by repeated rubbing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

chondromalacia

A

abnormal softening of cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

comminuted fracture

A

a fracture in which the bone is splintered or crushed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

compression fracture

A

a fracture in which the bone is pressed together on itself.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

costochondritis

A

inflammation of the cartilage that connects a rib to the sterum.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

crepitation

A

the grating sound heard when the ends of a broken bone move together.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

dual x-ray absorptiometry

A

a low-exposure radiographic measurement of the spine and hips to measure bone density.

26
Q

fat embolus

A

the release of fat cells from yellow bone marrow into the bloodstream when a long bone is fractured

27
Q

gout

A

a type of inflammatory arthritis characterized by deposits of urate crystals in the joints

27
Q

hallux valgus

A

an abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe

27
Q

hemarthrosis

A

blood within a joint

28
Q

hematopoietic

A

pertaining to the formation of blood cells

29
Q

internal fixation

A

fracture treatment in which pins or a plate are placed directly into the bone to hold the broken pieces in place

30
Q

kyphosis

A

an abnormal increase in the outward curvature of the thoracic spine as viewed from the side

30
Q

juvenile idiopathic arthritis

A

an autoimmune disorder affecting children aged 16 years or younger, with symptoms that include stiffness, pain, joint swelling, skin rash, fever, slowed growth, and fatigue

31
Q

laminectomy

A

surgical removal of the lamina, or posterior portion, of a vertebra

32
Q

lordosis

A

an abnormal increase in the forward curvature of the lumbar spine.

33
Q

lumbago

A

“the general term for pain in the lumbar region of the spine”

34
Q

malleolus

A

a rounded bony projection on the tibia and fibula on the sides of each ankle joint.

35
Q

manubrium

A

the bony structure that forms the upper portion of the sternum.

36
Q

metacarpals

A

the five bones that form the palms of the hand

37
Q

metatarsals

A

form that part of the foot to which the toes are attached.

38
Q

multiple myeloma

A

a type of cancer that occurs in blood-making cells of the red bone marrow.

38
Q

open fracture

A

a fracture in which the bone is broken and there is an open wound in the skin

39
Q

orthopedic surgeon

A

also known as an orthopedist; a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders involving the bones, joints, and muscles

39
Q

orthotic

A

a mechanical appliance, such as a shoe insert, leg brace, or a splint, which is specially designed to support, control, correct, or compensate for impaired limb function

40
Q

osteitis

A

inflammation of a bone

41
Q

osteoarthritis

A

the type of arthritis most commonly associated with aging.

42
Q

osteochondroma

A

a benign bony projection covered with cartilage.

43
Q

osteomalacia

A

abnormal softening of bone in adults

44
Q

osteomyelitis

A

inflammation of the bone marrow and adjacent bone

44
Q

osteopenia

A

thinner-than-average bone density

45
Q

osteoporosis

A

a marked loss of bone density and an increase in bone porosity that is frequently associated with aging

46
Q

osteoporotic hip fracture

A

a fracture of a hip weakened by osteoporosis that can occur spontaneously or as the result of a fall.

46
Q

Paget’s disease

A

a chronic bone disease of unknown cause, characterized by abnormal breakdown of bone tissue followed by abnormal bone formation.

47
Q

pathologic fracture

A

a fracture that occurs when a weakened bone breaks under normal strain.

48
Q

percutaneous vertebroplasty

A

treatment of osteoporosis-related compression fractures by injecting bone cement to stabilize compression fractures within the spinal column

49
Q

podiatrist

A

specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the foot

50
Q

polymyalgia rheumatica

A

an inflammatory disorder of the muscles and joints characterized by pain and stiffness in the neck, shoulders, upper arms, and hips and thighs

50
Q

radiculopathy

A

a condition caused by the compression of a nerve in the spine; also called a pinched nerve.

50
Q

prothesis

A

a substitute for a diseased or missing body part

51
Q

rheumatoid arthritis

A

a chronic autoimmune disorder in which the joints and some organs of other body systems are attacked

51
Q

rickets

A

a deficiency disease occurring in children involving defective bone growth due to vitamin D deficiency.

52
Q

scoliosis

A

an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine

53
Q

spinal stenosis

A

is a narrowing of the spaces within the spine, potentially putting pressure on the nerves and spinal cord that may cause pain.

53
Q

spina bifida

A

a congenital defect that occurs during early pregnancy in which the spinal canal fails to close completely around the spinal cord to protect it.

54
Q

spiral fracture

A

a fracture in which the bone has been twisted apart

55
Q

spondylolisthesis

A

the forward slipping movement of the body of one of the lower lumbar vertebrae on the vertebra below it

56
Q

spondylosis

A

a degenerative disorder that can cause the loss of normal spinal structure and function.

57
Q

subluxation

A

the partial displacement of a bone from its joint.

58
Q

synovectomy

A

surgical removal of a synovial membrane from a joint, usually the knee.

59
Q

vertebrae

A

bony structural units of the spinal column

Medical Terminology (ch. 2, 3, 4, 11, 13, 9, 14) (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions