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Operating System > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

………… are responsible for determining the form of the data and the location of shared data

A

Communicating processes

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2
Q

In ……………, The queue’s length is infinite; thus, any number of messages can wait in it

A

Unbounded capacity (automatic buffering)

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3
Q

In PCB contents, ……… allocated I/O devices, open files, and so on

A

I/O status information

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4
Q

A process creates a shared-memory region in its ………..

A

address space

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5
Q

A parent process may terminate its child using the ………. system call

A

abort

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6
Q

A ……… on the client-side hides the communication details

A

stub

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7
Q

…………… messages place a restriction on the application programmer

A

fixed-sized

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8
Q

In ……………, The link cannot have any messages waiting in it

A

Zero capacity (no buffering)

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9
Q

A process ……….. when it finishes execution

A

terminates

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10
Q

…………. Loads the saved context of the other process scheduled to run

A

Context switch

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11
Q

Once a process is terminated, the OS deallocates all of its resource
(T/F)

A

True

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12
Q

………….. is a process that can send messages to a mailbox

A

Mailbox user

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13
Q

In PCB contents, ……… include time limits, process numbers, and so on

A

Accounting information

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14
Q

An ………. process spends more of its time doing I/O

A

I/O-bound

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15
Q

A …….. is a program in execution

A

process

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16
Q

In synchronization, ……….. means the receiver blocks until a message is available. It resumes operation only after receiving the message

A

Blocking (synchronous) receive

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17
Q

…………… messages are more complex to implement at the system-level

A

variable-sized

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18
Q

In process states, ………. means the process has finished execution

A

Terminated

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19
Q

Between each pair of processes, there exists exactly one link is a property of …………. communication

A

direct

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20
Q

An ……….. process does not share data with other processes

A

independent

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21
Q

……. messages makes application programming easier and more flexible

A

variable-sized

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22
Q

Process execution must be ………………..

A

sequential

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23
Q

The creating process is called a ………. process

A

parent

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24
Q

Also known historically as job

A

Process

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25
Q

In process termination, It asks the OS to delete it by using the …… system call

A

exit

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26
Q

In ……………, the sender must block until the recipient receives the message

A

Zero capacity (no buffering)

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27
Q

In terms of ……………, there are two possibilities:
* The parent continues to execute concurrently with its children.
* The parent waits until some or all of its children have terminated

A

execution

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28
Q

In synchronization, ……….. means the sending process is blocked until the message is received by the receiving process or by the mailbox

A

Blocking (synchronous) send

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29
Q

A ………. allows for calling the remote procedure like a local one

A

stub

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30
Q

Context switch time is pure overhead (no useful work while switching)
(T/F)

A

True

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31
Q

In RPC, a message contains the function identifier and passed parameters
(T/F)

A

True

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32
Q

Processes can be described as either ………. or ………….

A

I/O-bound , CPU-bound

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33
Q

…….. occurs when the CPU switches to another process

A

Context switch

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34
Q

In process content, …………. contain dynamically allocated variables

A

Heap section

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35
Q

……………. Allow processes to communicate without sharing memory

A

Message passing

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36
Q

………… messages are easier to implement at the system-level

A

fixed-sized

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37
Q

PCB contents include ……….. (e.g. new, ready, etc…)

A

Process state

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38
Q

…………… means that if a process terminates, all of its
children must be terminated as well

A

Cascading termination

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39
Q

In PCB contents, ……… include scheduling parameters (e.g. priority)

A

CPU-Scheduling information

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40
Q

In shared memory, ……………. processes agree to remove the restriction of OS

A

Communicating

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41
Q

……….. communication may use symmetric or asymmetric addressing

A

Direct

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42
Q

An ………. listens to a port on the remote system

A

RPC daemon

43
Q

………… contains processes waiting for a certain event to occur

A

Wait queue

44
Q

In process states, ………. means the process is waiting to be assigned to a processor

A

Ready

45
Q

A link is associated with exactly two processes is a property of ………… communication

A

direct

46
Q

A link is established automatically is a property of …………… communication

A

direct

47
Q

……….. Identified by an IP address concatenated with a port number

A

socket

48
Q

Messages exchanged in RPC communication are weakly structured
(T/F)

A

False

49
Q

……….. contains processes waiting to execute on a CPU

A

Ready queue

50
Q

In process creation, Each of new processes may, in turn, create other processes
(T/F)

A

True

51
Q

A link may be associated with more than two processes is a property of …… communication

A

indirect

52
Q

………… are responsible for ensuring that they are not writing to the same location simultaneously

A

Communicating processes

53
Q

A ……… is an endpoint for communication

A

socket

54
Q

In …………….., The queue has finite length 𝑛; thus, at most n messages can reside in it

A

Bounded capacity (automatic buffering)

55
Q

A ………… process uses more of its time doing computations

A

CPU-bound

56
Q

………. is the number of processes in memory

A

Degree of multiprogramming

57
Q

…….. is a process that can receive messages from mailbox

A

Mailbox owner

58
Q

Each pair of processes may have several links (i.e. mailboxes) is a property of …… communication

A

indirect

59
Q

The physical implementation of a link cannot take several forms
(T/F)

A

False

60
Q

………… Saves the current context of the current process in its PCB

A

Context switch

61
Q

The context of a process is represented in its PCB
(T/F)

A

True

62
Q

In process content, …………. contain temporary variables (local variables)

A

Stack section

63
Q

In PCB contents, ……… process location in memory

A

Memory-management information

64
Q

reasons to support process cooperation include ………… means dividing the functions of a system into separate processes

A

Modularity

65
Q

……….. is represented by:
* The value of the program counter (PC)
* The contents of the processor’s registers

A

Process current status

66
Q

……… selects a ready process from memory for execution

A

CPU scheduler

67
Q

In …………….., If the queue is full, the sender must block until there is an available space

A

Bounded capacity (automatic buffering)

68
Q

In process content, …………. contain global variables

A

data section

69
Q

In process content, …………. contain executable code

A

Text section

70
Q

reasons to support process cooperation include ………… that means break a task into sub-tasks that run in parallel

A

Computation speedup

71
Q

RPCs may fail or execute multiple times due to network errors
(T/F)

A

True

72
Q

A …………. should provide at least two operations:
* 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑑(𝑚𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑎𝑔𝑒)
* 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑖𝑣𝑒(𝑚𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑎𝑔𝑒)

A

message-passing facility

73
Q

In process states, ………. means the process is being created

A

New

74
Q

In process termination, A child process may output data to its parent using …….. system call

A

wait

75
Q

In process creation, the new processes are called the ……… of that process

A

children

76
Q

In terms of ……………, there are two possibilities:
* The child process has a new program loaded into it.
* The child process is a duplicate of the parent process.

A

address-space

77
Q

In synchronization, ……….. means the receiver retrieves either a valid message or a null and resumes operation, immediately

A

Non-blocking (asynchronous) receive

78
Q

A pair of processes communicating employs a pair of sockets
(T/F)

A

True

79
Q

Also known as task control block

A

Process Control Block (PCB)

80
Q

In synchronization, ……….. means the sending process sends the message and resumes operation, immediately.

A

Non-blocking (asynchronous) send

81
Q

In PCB contents, ……… stores state information when an interrupt occurs

A

CPU registers

82
Q

The logical implementation of a link can take several forms (T/F)

A

True

83
Q

In RPC, the function is executed, and any output is returned as a ……….

A

message

84
Q

In ……….. communication, messages are sent to and received from mailboxes (or ports)

A

indirect

85
Q

In PCB contents, ……… include the address of the next instruction

A

Program Counter

86
Q

In process states, ………. means the process is waiting for some event to occur

A

Waiting

87
Q

In process states, ………. means instructions are being executed

A

Running

88
Q

In ………… addressing, only the sender names the receiver process

A

asymmetric

89
Q

Some systems do not allow a child to exist if its parent terminates
(T/F)

A

True

90
Q

In ……… addressing, both sender and receiver name each other

A

symmetric

91
Q

A link is established by creating and sharing a mailbox is a property of …… communication

A

indirect

92
Q

Useful in a distributed environment and managed by the OS

A

Message passing

93
Q

In ……………., the sender never blocks

A

Unbounded capacity (automatic buffering)

94
Q

In terms of ……….., there are three possibilities:
* Parent and child share no resources.
* Parent and children share all resources.
* Children share a subset of parent’s resources

A

resource sharing

95
Q

reasons to support process cooperation include ………… (e.g. copying and pasting)

A

Information sharing

96
Q

…………… allows a client to invoke a procedure on a remote host

A

Remote Procedure Call (RPC)

97
Q

………… processes need an IPC mechanism to exchange data

A

Cooperating

98
Q

In ………….., Normally, the OS restricts a process to its own memory

A

shared memory

99
Q

If there are more ready processes than cores, excess processes will
have to wait until a core is free and can be rescheduled
(T/F)

A

True

100
Q

A process may create several new processes
(T/F)

A

True

101
Q

In ……….., A data structure that stores information about a process

A

Process Control Block (PCB)

102
Q

…… includes value of CPU registers, location in memory, etc

A

Context

103
Q

A ……… process shares data with other executing processes

A

cooperating

Operating System (4 decks)

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