Chapter 3

Question 1

Segment

Answer 1

An individual sound used in language

Question 2

Acoustic phonetics

Answer 2

The study of physical properties of speech as sound waves

Question 3

Articulatory phonetics

Answer 3

The study of how speech sounds are produced

Question 4

Auditory phonetics

Answer 4

The study of the perception of speech sounds by the ear, also called “perceptual phonetics”

Question 5

Phonetics

Answer 5

The study of the characteristics of speech sounds

Question 6

Vocal folds (or vocal cords)

Answer 6

thin strips of muscle in the larynx which can be open, in voiceless sounds, or close together, creating vibration in voiced sounds

Question 7

Phonetic alphabet

Answer 7

A set of symbols, each one representing a distinct sound segment

Question 8

Alveolar

Answer 8

A consonant produced with the front part of the tongue on the alveolar ridge (e.g. the first and last sounds in dot)

Question 9

Bilabial

Answer 9

A consonant produced by using both lips (the first and last sounds in pub)

Question 10

Labiodental

Answer 10

A consonant produced with the upper teeth and the lower lip(e.g. the first sounds in very funny)

Question 11

Consonant

Answer 11

A speech sound produced by restricting the airflow in some way

Question 12

Palate

Answer 12

The hard part of the roof of the mouth

Question 13

Velum

Answer 13

The soft area at the back of the roof of the mouth, also called the “soft palate”

Question 14

Alveolar ridge

Answer 14

The rough bony ridge immediately behind the upper front teeth

Question 15

Dental

Answer 15

Sounds produced when the tip of the tongue touches the upper front teeth(e.g. thin and loathe)

Question 16

Glottal

Answer 16

A sound produced in the space between the vocal folds (e.g. the first sound in hat)

Question 17

Interdental

Answer 17

A consonant produced with the tongue tip between the upper and lower teeth (e.g. the first sound in that)

Question 18

Velar

Answer 18

a consonant produced by raising the back of the tongue to the velum (e.g. the first and last sounds in geek)

Question 19

palatal

Answer 19

a consonant produced by raising the tongue to the palate, also called “alveo-palatal” (e.g. the first sounds in ship and yacht)

Question 20

affricate

Answer 20

a consonant produced by stopping then releasing the airflow through a narrow opening (e.g. the first and last sounds in church)
OR: combining a brief stop with a fricative

Question 21

fricative

Answer 21

a consonant produced by almost blocking the airflow , the letting it escape through a narrow gap(e.g. the first and last sounds in five)

Question 22

stop

Answer 22

a consonant produced by stopping the airflow, then letting it go, also called “plosive” (e.g. the first and last sounds in cat)

Question 23

glottis

Answer 23

the space between the vocal folds

Question 24

glottal stop

Answer 24

a sound produced when the air passing through the glottis is stopped completely then released (e.g. the sound produced in the middle of Uh-uh)

Question 25

flap

Answer 25

a sound produced with the tongue tip briefly touching the alveolar ridge
(e.g. “butter” pronounced like “budder”)

Question 26

glides

Answer 26

sounds produced with the tongue in motion to or from a vowel sound, also called “semi-vowels” or “approximants” (e.g. the first sounds in wet, yes)

Question 27

vowel

Answer 27

a sound produced through the vocal folds without constriction of the airflow in the mouth

Question 28

Uvula

Answer 28

The small appendage at the end of the velum

Question 29

Uvular

Answer 29

A sound produced with the back of the tongue near the uvula (e.g. the “r” sound, usually represented by [R], in the French pronunciation of rouge)

Question 30

Schwa

Answer 30

a mid central vowel /ə/, often used in an unstressed syllable (e.g. afford, oven)