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Intro to Ag 1 Key Terms > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Absorb

A

take in (nutrient ions)

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2
Q

adsorption

A

(take out) is a surface function where plants take nutrients out of the soil solution and store the nutrients

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3
Q

anion

A

negatively charge ions

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4
Q

base saturation

A

Percentage of the cation exchange sites filled with exchangeable bases percentage.

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5
Q

cation

A

A positively charged ion; during electrolysis it is attracted to the negatively charged cathode.

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6
Q

Cation exchange capacity (CEC)

A

The sum total of exchangeable cations that a soil can adsorb.

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7
Q

chlorosis

A

Abnormal reduction or loss of the normal green coloration of leaves of plants

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8
Q

colloid

A

Small humus particles with a large surface area to collect water and nutrients.

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9
Q

compost

A

Organic residues, or a mixture of organic residues and soil, that have been piled, moistened, and allowed to undergo biological decomposition; Increases plant nutrient availability from organic materials.

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10
Q

elements

A

A simple form of matter that cannot be decomposed by ordinary chemical means. Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), carbon (C), and the like, are examples of elements.

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11
Q

exchangeable bases

A

Can easily be replaced by another cation.

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12
Q

exchangeable cations

A

Cations that are weakly held, in direct contact with the soil solution, are exchanged fairly easy.

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13
Q

legumes

A

Plants with the characteristic of forming nitrogen-fixing nodules on their roots, in this way making use of atmospheric nitrogen. A pod-bearing member of the Leguminosae family. Includes species, such as peas, beans, peanuts, clovers, alfalfas, sweet clovers, lespedezas, vetches and kudzu.

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14
Q

macronutrients

A

Chemical element necessary in relatively larger amounts (usually greater than 500 parts per million in the plant) for plant growth. These elements are C, H, 0, N, P. K, S, Ca, and Mg.

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15
Q

micelle

A

A particle of silicate clay.

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16
Q

micronutrients

A

Chemical element necessary in relatively small amounts (usually less than 100 parts per million in the plant) for plant growth. These elements are B, CI, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, and Zn.

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17
Q

mottled

A

Spotted or blotched leaves.

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18
Q

necrotic

A

Soft or dead spots in fruit or tubers.

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19
Q

PH

A

acidity or alkalinity

soil: Negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration of a soil [pH = -log (W)]. Degree of acidity or alkalinity as determined by an electrode or indicator at a specified soil moisture content and expressed in terms of the pH scale (1-14); a low pH indicates acid soil, a pH of 7 is neutral, and a high pH indicates an alkaline soil.

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20
Q

rosetting

A

circular arrangement of leaves

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21
Q

slag

A

A byproduct of steel manufacturing.

22
Q

silicate clays

A

A particle of silicate clay, called a micelle, is a flat, plate-like crystal made of many layers.

23
Q

soil fertility

A

Ability of soil to supply nutrients for plant growth.

24
Q

soil quality

A

Capacity of a soil to function, within land use and ecosystem boundaries, to sustain biological productivity, maintain environmental quality and promote plant, animal and human health.

25
Q

soil soultion

A

Water held by soils and the nutrients it contains

26
Q

soluble

A

Able to be dissolved.

27
Q

take in (nutrient ions)

A

Absorb

28
Q

(take out) is a surface function where plants take nutrients out of the soil solution and store the nutrients

A

adsorption

29
Q

negatively charge ions

A

anion

30
Q

Percentage of the cation exchange sites filled with exchangeable bases percentage.

A

base saturation

31
Q

A positively charged ion; during electrolysis it is attracted to the negatively charged cathode.

A

cation

32
Q

The sum total of exchangeable cations that a soil can adsorb.

A

Cation exchange capacity (CEC)

33
Q

Abnormal reduction or loss of the normal green coloration of leaves of plants

A

chlorosis

34
Q

Small humus particles with a large surface area to collect water and nutrients.

A

colloid

35
Q

Organic residues, or a mixture of organic residues and soil, that have been piled, moistened, and allowed to undergo biological decomposition; Increases plant nutrient availability from organic materials.

A

compost

36
Q

A simple form of matter that cannot be decomposed by ordinary chemical means. Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), carbon (C), and the like, are examples of elements.

A

elements

37
Q

Can easily be replaced by another cation.

A

exchangeable bases

38
Q

Cations that are weakly held, in direct contact with the soil solution, are exchanged fairly easy.

A

exchangeable cations

39
Q

Plants with the characteristic of forming nitrogen-fixing nodules on their roots, in this way making use of atmospheric nitrogen. A pod-bearing member of the Leguminosae family. Includes species, such as peas, beans, peanuts, clovers, alfalfas, sweet clovers, lespedezas, vetches and kudzu.

A

legumes

40
Q

Chemical element necessary in relatively larger amounts (usually greater than 500 parts per million in the plant) for plant growth. These elements are C, H, 0, N, P. K, S, Ca, and Mg.

A

macronutrients

41
Q

A particle of silicate clay.

A

micelle

42
Q

Chemical element necessary in relatively small amounts (usually less than 100 parts per million in the plant) for plant growth. These elements are B, CI, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, and Zn.

A

micronutrients

43
Q

Spotted or blotched leaves.

A

mottled

44
Q

Soft or dead spots in fruit or tubers.

A

necrotic

45
Q

acidity or alkalinity

soil: Negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration of a soil [pH = -log (W)]. Degree of acidity or alkalinity as determined by an electrode or indicator at a specified soil moisture content and expressed in terms of the pH scale (1-14); a low pH indicates acid soil, a pH of 7 is neutral, and a high pH indicates an alkaline soil.

A

PH

46
Q

circular arrangement of leaves

A

rosetting

47
Q

A byproduct of steel manufacturing.

A

slag

48
Q

A particle of silicate clay, called a micelle, is a flat, plate-like crystal made of many layers.

A

silicate clays

49
Q

Ability of soil to supply nutrients for plant growth.

A

soil fertility

50
Q

Capacity of a soil to function, within land use and ecosystem boundaries, to sustain biological productivity, maintain environmental quality and promote plant, animal and human health.

A

soil quality

51
Q

Water held by soils and the nutrients it contains

A

soil soultion

52
Q

Able to be dissolved.

A

soluble

Intro to Ag 1 Key Terms (14 decks)

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