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Social Psychology > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is self-concept ?

A

Our thoughts, beliefs or perceptions that we have of ourselves, and our relations to others

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2
Q

What are the functions of the Self ?

A

Interpersonal tool, helps make choices, and self-regulation

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3
Q

What are schemas ?

A

a script for how we expect to do things

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4
Q

What are schematic schemas ?

A

Affected; care about it

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5
Q

What are aschematic schemas ?

A

don’t really care or find it important

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6
Q

What is the looking glass self ?

A

Other people serve as a mirror in which we see ourselves

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7
Q

What are the sources of the self-concept ?

A

Introspection, self perception, influences of other people, autobiographical memory, and cultural perspectives

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8
Q

What is introspection ?

A

A looking inward at one’s own thoughts and feelings

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9
Q

What did Wilson state ?

A

Stated that we should focus on what you do not what you think

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10
Q

What is affective forecasting ?

A

Imagining how you would feel if ‘X’ happened

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11
Q

What is impact bias ?

A

People overestimate the strength and duration of their emotional reactions

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12
Q

What is self perception ?

A

People can learn about themselves simply by watching their own behaviour

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13
Q

Who created the self-perception theory?

A

Daryl Bem (1972)

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14
Q

What is SOKA short for ?

A

Self-Other Knowledge Assymetry

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15
Q

What is SOKA ?

A

Predicts that we know ourselves better than others do when it comes to traits that are “internal” and hard to observe and that there is no self-other difference when it comes to “external” triats

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16
Q

What is the facial feedback hypothesis ?

A

States that changes in facial expressions can trigger corresponding changes in the subjective experience of emotion

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17
Q

What is intrinsic motivation ?

A

Factors within a person; engage in activity for the sake of their own interest

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18
Q

What is extrinsic motivation ?

A

Factors outside the person; engage in an activity as a means to an end, for tangible benefit

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19
Q

What is the overjustification effect ?

A

The tendency for intrinsic motivation to diminish for activities that have become associated w/ reward or other extrinsic factors

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20
Q

What is the Social Comparison Theory ?

A

When uncertain about our abilitites or opinions, we evaluate self through comparisons with others who are similar to us

21
Q

Who made the Social Comparison Theory ?

A

Leon Festinger (1954)

22
Q

What is the Two-Factor Theory of Emotion ?

A

The theory that the experience of emotion is based on 2 factors: physiological arousal and a cognitive interpretation of that arousal

23
Q

What are Autobiographical Memories ?

A

The recollections of the sequences of events that have touched your life

24
Q

What type of memories do people often remember ?

A

Recent memories

25
Q

What is a reminiscence bump ?

A

In regards to older adults often remembering memories from when they were adolescents or early adults

26
Q

What are flashbulb memories ?

A

Term to describe these enduring, detailed, high-resolution recollections

27
Q

What is Individualism ?

A

values the virtues of independence, autonomy, and self-reliance

28
Q

What is Collectivism ?

A

values the virtues of interdependence, cooperation, and social harmony

29
Q

What is culture made up of ?

A

Ideas, Insititutions, Interactions, and Individuals

30
Q

Whats is Dialecticism ?

A

A system of thought characterized by the acceptance of such contradictions thorugh compromise

31
Q

What is self-esteem ?

A

self-appraisals of our own value or worth as a person

32
Q

What is the sociometer theory ?

A

Self-esteem is a gauge that monitors our social interactions and sends us signals as to whether our behaviour is acceptable to others

33
Q

What is the terror management theory ?

A

Humans cope with the fear of their own death by constructing worldviews that help to perserve their self-esteem

34
Q

What is the Self-Discrepancy Theory ?

A

Our self-esteem is defined by the match or mismatch b/w how we see ourselves and how we want to see ourselves

35
Q

Who made the self-discreancy theory ?

A

E.Tory Higgins (1989)

36
Q

What are the domains of self?

A

Actual. Ideal, Ought

37
Q

What is the self-awareness theory ?

A

Self-focused attention leads people to notice self-discrepancies, thereby motivating either an escape from self-awareness or a change in behaviour

38
Q

What is private self-consciousness ?

A

The tendency to introspect about our inner thoughts and feelings

39
Q

What is public self-consciousness ?

A

The tendency to focus on our outer public image

40
Q

What is self-regulation ?

A

The processes by which we seek to control or alter out thoughts, feelings, behaviours, and urges in order to live an acceptable social life

41
Q

What is the Better than Average effect ?

A

The pattern of people believing they are better than others

42
Q

What is Implicit Egotism ?

A

an unconscious and subtle expression of self-esteem

43
Q

What are self-serving biases ?

A

Tend to see ourselves very postiviely

44
Q

What is self-handicapping ?

A

actions people take to handicap their own performance in order to build an excuse for anticipated failure

45
Q

What is Basking in Reflected Glory ?

A

To increase self-esteem by associating w/ others who are successful

46
Q

What is Downward Social Comparison ?

A

The defensive tendency to compare ourselves with others who are worse off than we are

47
Q

What is self-presentation ?

A

The process by which we try to shape what other people think of us and what we think of ourselves

48
Q

What is self verification ?

A

The desire to have others perceive us as we truly perceive ourselves

49
Q

What is self-monitoring ?

A

The tendency to regulate one’s own behaviour to meet the demands of social situations

Social Psychology (3 decks)

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