Chapter 3 Flashcards
Cardiorespiratory System
The term used to
describe the relationship between the
cardiovascular system (heart and blood
vessels) and respiratory system (lungs).
Calorie
A term used to describe food
energy. Scientifically, it is the amount of energy needed to raise one kilogram of water, 1 degree Celsius. More accurately, it is one kilocalorie.
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
The basic unit of energy used by the cells.
Aerobic Energy System
The term used to describe the way cells produce ATP. In this case, the cells require oxygen to assist in ATP production.
Mitochondria
The area (organelle) of the
cell where ATP is produced.
Creatine Phosphate
a compound found in
the cells and used by the immediate energy
system that can be used to produce ATP.
Non-oxidative Energy System
a term used
to describe the way cells produce ATP. In
this case, cells do not require oxygen to
produce ATP.
Glucose
The simplest form of sugars found
in the blood.
Tidal Volume
The amount of air measured
during inspiration or expiration.
Diffusion Capacity
The amount of air that is
transferred from the lungs to the blood.
Areterial-vain difference (aVO2diff)
The
difference between the oxygen found in
arterial blood and venous blood.
Principle of Reversibility
The fitness
principle describing how fitness is lost while
detraining.
Maximal Energy Consumption (VO2max)
The maximum amount of oxygen the body
can take in and utilize.
Specificity
A fitness principle describing
how fitness improvements or adaptations
to exercise stress are specific to the type of
training that is performed.
Overload
The fitness principle describing
how adaption to exercise stress is driven by
progressively increasing the workload
during training.
Target Heart Rate (THR)
A term describing
heart rate zones that represent an intensity
range—a low end heart rate and a high end
rate—used as a guide for exercise intensity.
Max Heart Rate (MHR)
The maximum
number of beats per minute the heart can
contract.
Resting Heart Rate (RHR)
The minimum
number of beats per minute the heart
contracts.
Heart Rate Reserve (HRR)
The difference
between the maximum heart rate and the
resting heart rate. This term is also used to
describe a method for calculating target
heart rate.
Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE)
A self-assessment used during exercise used to
estimate the intensity of the work being
performed. The scale used, called the Borg
Scale, ranges from 6 to 20.
Talk-test
A self-assessment used during
exercise to estimate the intensity of the
work being performed. The assessment is
based on the degree of breathlessness
observed while attempting to talk during
exercise.
THR Calculation
60-80% of MHR
MHR Calculation
220 - age
RHR Calculation
Heart rate while are taken right after resting.
HRR Calculation
MHR - RHR
Cardiorespiratory Endurance
Cardiorespiratory endurance is the ability to carry out prolonged, large muscle, dynamic movements at a
moderate to high level of intensity. This relates to your heart’s ability to pump blood and your lungs’ ability to take in oxygen.
