Chapter 3 Flashcards
Recall how the free-energy change of a reaction determines whether it is energetically favorable or not.
If delta G is less than zero the the reaction is energetically favorable
Review the relationship between ΔG, equilibrium, and the concentrations of a reaction’s substrates and products.
favorable reaction of y -> x can proceed but once concentration of y begins to decrease and x increase delta g becomes less negative and leads to equilibrium
Compare and contrast ΔG to ΔG°.
the value of ΔG(not standard state) changes as a reaction proceeds while ΔG°(standard state) is a fixed quantity throughout the reaction.
Contrast anabolic and catabolic reactions, as well as endergonic and exergonic reactions.
Ananbolic is the building bonds(endogonic)
Catbolic is breaking bonds(exogonic)
Review how activated carriers link catabolic and anabolic reactions.
These molecules diffuse rapidly and carry their bond energy from the sites of energy generation to the sites where energy is used for bio- synthesis
take energy from energetically fav rxn (catabolism) and use it for unfav rxn (anabolism)
Relate how the energy of ATP hydrolysis can be harnessed to drive an energetically unfavorable condensation reaction.
energy from ATP hydrolysis is first used to convert B-OH to a higher-energy intermediate compound, which then reacts directly with A-H to give A-B. The simplest mechanism involves the transfer of a phosphate from ATP to B-OH to make B-O-PO3
Define cell respiration.
Cellular respiration is a metabolic pathway that breaks down glucose and produces ATP
Summarize why cells need enzymes to maximize the energy that can be harvested from the oxidation of a fuel molecule such as glucose
Enzymes catalyze the breakdown of sugar in a series of small steps, so that the free energy is captured by active carriers- ATP & NADH. Then used for other work in the cell.
