Chapter 3

Question 1

Bohr’s model

Answer 1

“Electrons can only occupy certain levels in an atom”

Question 2

Valence Electrons

Answer 2

Those electrons in the outer most “n-value” of an atom
-Residing in the highest principal quantum number
n=1, n=2 etc.. (n=principal quantum number aka atomic size )

Shortcut. Look at the group number

Question 3

Rutherford Model

Answer 3

Number of protons = Number of electrons

Question 4

Ion

Answer 4

An atom that either gains or loses one or more electrons

Question 5

Cation

Answer 5

A positively charged ion

Ex:) Na P+=11 E-=11

Ex:) Na+ P+=11 E-=10

Question 6

Anion

Answer 6

A negatively charged ion
(Atom has gained one or more electrons)

Ex:) O2- P=8 E=10

Question 7

Ionic Bonds

Answer 7

Connection between cation and anion

Connection between a metal and non-metal

Question 8

Covalent bond

Answer 8

Connections between non-metal elements
-sharing of electrons between atoms

Question 9

Polar covalent bond

Answer 9

Hybrid of an ionic and covalent bond

Question 10

What’s the difference between atoms and molecules?

Answer 10

Atoms are single neutral particles. Molecules are neutral particles made of two or more atoms bonded together.