Chapter 3

Question 1

Four major components of Earth’s life-support system

Answer 1

Atmosphere(air), hydrosphere(water), geosphere(rock, soil, and sediment), and the biosphere(living things)

Question 2

Troposphere

Answer 2

Where weather happens (part of the atmosphere)

Question 3

Stratosphere

Answer 3

Contains ozone layer (part of the atmosphere)

Question 4

One-way energy flow

Answer 4

Sun -> plants -> living things -> environment as heat -> radiation to space

Question 5

Sun

Answer 5

UV, Visible, and IR energy

Question 6

Radiation

Answer 6

Absorbed by ozone, the earth, and other atmosphere gases. Reflected by the earth and atmosphere as heat.

Question 7

Ecology

Answer 7

how organisms interact with each other and their nonliving environment

Question 8

Photosynthesis formula

Answer 8

CO2 + H2O + Sunlight –> Glucose + Oxygen

Question 9

Autotrophs

Answer 9

Producers

Question 10

Heterotrophs

Answer 10

Consumers

Question 11

Decomposers

Answer 11

Consumers that release nutrients (Bacteria and Fungi)

Question 12

Detritivores

Answer 12

Feed on dead bodies of other organisms (Earthworms and Vultures)

Question 13

Biomass

Answer 13

Dry weight of all organic matter of a given trophic level in a food chain/web. (Decreases at each higher level due to heat loss)

Question 14

Pyramid of energy flow

Answer 14

90% of energy lost with each transfer. (Less chemical energy for higher trophic levels)