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CSCI > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Application Software

A

any type of software made for the user

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2
Q

System Software

A

any software created for operation, maintenance, and security to a computer

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3
Q

Operating System

A

manages flow of data between hardware and allows the user to communicate with the computer

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4
Q

GUI

A

graphic user interface, allows communication through graphical elements
Ex: Icons, buttons

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5
Q

Command Line Interface

A

requires a specific series of commands to be imputed for communication

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6
Q

Device Drivers

A

used to allow operating systems to communicate with hardware, usually downloaded or installed

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7
Q

Unix

A

type of OS, dates back to 1969 and runs many of the world’s most powerful servers, are harder to use

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8
Q

Linux

A

created in 1991, an open source Operating system

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9
Q

Windows

A

An operating system created in the early 1980s, Microsoft Windows if for a PC

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10
Q

Open Source

A

freely distributed and can be modified

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11
Q

MACos

A

apple’s OS for Macs, have fewer viruses, include software, and is a unified ecosystem

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12
Q

Chrome

A

the newest OS, runs off of Googles web browser

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13
Q

IOS

A

apple’s OS for I phones, friendly and stable

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14
Q

Andriod

A

an open source OS, pixel is the original OS without modification

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15
Q

Widgets

A

larger than icons and provide automatic information without having to open an app

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16
Q

Utilities

A

enhances the abilities of an operating system

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17
Q

Security Software

A

Is meant to keep your data safe

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18
Q

Security Suite

A

a bundle of programs that complete security related tasks

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19
Q

Malware

A

Malicious programs, viruses

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20
Q

Firewall

A

dedicated to examining and blocking internet traffic

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21
Q

Encryption

A

the process of scrambling your data or storage to make it unreadable

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22
Q

Virtual Machine

A

allows you to run an operating system on top of another, visualization software allows you to do this

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23
Q

Formatting

A

Preparing a storage device for use of an OS

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24
Q

Partitioning

A

dividing a hard drive into sections

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25
Q

File System

A

for PC and determines how the OS manages space on a device, the most common are FAT and NTFs

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26
Q

Disk Defragmentation

A

Also known as optimization utility, reorganizes files and fragments closer to related ones

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27
Q

Disk Clean Up

A

clears temporary files for storage or other reasons

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28
Q

File Compression

A

making a file smaller, the most popular format is ZIP

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29
Q

Back Up

A

a copy of something made in case the original disappears

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30
Q

Cloud Back Up

A

automated backups to an online account

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31
Q

Drives

A

storage devices

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32
Q

Folders

A

store files or other folders

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33
Q

Files

A

found in drives and folders, you can search for one using the root directory

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34
Q

File Path

A

complete address that describes the location of the file

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35
Q

Icon

A

graphical representation of a device file or folder

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36
Q

File Extension

A

located after the files name that indicates the file’s type

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37
Q

.exe

A

windows executable file

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38
Q

.jpg, .png, .gif

A

file extension for images

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39
Q

.mp3, .m4a

A

file extension for music

40
Q

.mp4, .avi, .mov

A

File extension for videos

41
Q

.pdf

A

adobe PDF doc

42
Q

.docx

A

file extension for word

43
Q

.xlsx

A

File extension for excel

44
Q

.accdb

A

file extention for access

45
Q

.pptx

A

file extension for PowerPoint

46
Q

.zip

A

compressed ZIP file

47
Q

Clipboard

A

location of the things being moved or copied, is managed by RAM

48
Q

Copy

A

puts a copy of whatever is selected in the clipboard

49
Q

Cut

A

Removes the selected parts and puts it in the clipboard

50
Q

Paste

A

takes what is in the clipboard and places it where it is told

51
Q

Installed

A

set up by the operating system

52
Q

Software License

A

a contract for the software laying out the rules and restrictions of an OS

53
Q

Copyright Law

A

gives creators rights and privileges

54
Q

EULA

A

end user license agreement, a user agreement before installing software

55
Q

Volume License

A

Allows companies to install software on multiple machines

56
Q

Subscription Model

A

Users pay a fixed amount of money per month

57
Q

Shareware

A

trial software

58
Q

Freeware

A

software that is free to use anytime

59
Q

Microtransactions

A

small payments to an app for new features

60
Q

Web Based Applications

A

programs run directly on your browser

61
Q

Office Suite

A

Several office programs bundled together

62
Q

Microsoft Office

A

popular office suite

63
Q

Libre Office

A

free open source office suite

64
Q

IWork

A

the office suite for Macos and IOS devices

65
Q

G Suite

A

googles cloud based suite

66
Q

Word Processing Software

A

tools for creating and editing docs
Ex: Word, Libre office writer, pages, Google docs

67
Q

Spreadsheet Software

A

Entering, calculating, and analyzes numbers
Ex: Excel, Libre office Calc, numbers, Google sheets

68
Q

Database

A

organized method for storing info

69
Q

DBMS

A

database managing system, used to create and manage databases
Ex: For small businesses they are likely to use Microsoft access or Libre Office base
Medium to large companies are likely to use SQL or oracle database
Web applications use MYSQL

70
Q

Presentation Software

A

creates electronic slideshows
Ex: PowerPoint, impress, keynote, Google slides

71
Q

PIM

A

personal information manager, designed to keep individuals organized
A traditional one is Microsoft outlook or exchange server while a cloud based one is apple or Google

72
Q

Business Accounting Software

A

intuit Quickbooks or Xero (cloud based)

73
Q

Personal Finance Software

A

Quicken, Mint, and YNAB

74
Q

Tax Preparation Software

A

Turbo tax, h&r block

75
Q

Media Players

A

allow you to listen/watch music/videos

76
Q

Bitmap Graphics

A

Allow you to draw pixel by pixel

77
Q

Vector Graphics

A

Rely on math to generate shapes

78
Q

Graphics Editing Software

A

Adobe Photoshop and GIMP

79
Q

Video Editing Software

A

Adobe premiere, apple final cut pro, avid media composer

80
Q

CAD

A

computer aided design, allows for 2D and 3D modeling, it is largely used by architects and engineers

81
Q

Audio Editing Software

A

Avid pro tools, apple’s garage band, audacity

82
Q

Desktop Publishing Services

A

adobe indesign, quarkxpress

83
Q

Web Development Software

A

adobe Dreamweaver, Microsoft visual studio

84
Q

Virtual Reality

A

the ability to experience simulated environments

85
Q

Vertical Market Software

A

Specific industry usage
Ex: Healthcare and insurance

86
Q

ERP

A

enterprise resource planning, A variety of business functions in one

87
Q

CRM

A

customer, relationship management, allows sales departments to manage call center, support customers, and track sales

88
Q

SDLC

A

software development life cycle, the cycle programs take to create software

89
Q

Algorithm

A

steps that describe what each portion of a program does

90
Q

Coding

A

turning algorithm into the program

91
Q

Popular Programming Languages

A

C++, java, C#, python

92
Q

IDE

A

integrated development environment, software that help build computer programs

93
Q

Compiler

A

translates programming into a machine language to be processed by the CPU

94
Q

Executable File

A

an IDE created file that can be run by the Operating system

95
Q

Bugs

A

errors in the programming

96
Q

Beta Version

A

the program released to an audience for testing

97
Q

Software Updates

A

Allows programmers to add on or fix current programming

CSCI (5 decks)

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