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EMT > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a basic principle of emergency care?

A

To do no further harm.

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2
Q

Emergency medical care

A

Immediate care or treatment.

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3
Q

Consent

A

Permission to render care.

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4
Q

Decision-making capacity

A

The ability of a patient to understand the information you are providing, couple with the vaulting to process that information and make an informed choice regarding medical care.

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5
Q

Patient autonomy

A

The right of a patient to make decisions concerning his or her health.

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6
Q

Competence

A

Ability to make rational decisions about personal well-being.

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7
Q

Expressed consent

A

The type of consent given when the patient specifically acknowledges that he or she wants you to provide care or transport.

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8
Q

Informed consent

A

Explanation of the nature of treatment being offered.

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9
Q

Implied consent

A

Emergency doctrine

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10
Q

Emergency doctrine

A

The principle of law that permits of a health care provider to treat a patient in an emergency situation when the patient is incapable of granting consent because of an altered level of consciousness, disability, the effects of drugs or alcohol, or the patient’s age.

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11
Q

Emancipated minor

A

A person who is under the legal age in a given state but, because of other circumstances, is legally considered an adult.

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12
Q

In loco parentis

A

Refers to the legal responsibility of a person or organization to take on some of the functions and responsibilities of a parent.

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13
Q

Forcible restraint

A

The act of physically preventing an individual from initiating any physical action.

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14
Q

Breach of confidentiality

A

Disclosure of information without proper authorization.

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15
Q

Protected Health Information (PHI)

A

Any information about health status, provision of health care, or payment for health care that can be linked to an individual. This is interpreted rather broadly and includes any part of a patient’s medical record or payment history.

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16
Q

Do not resuscitate (DNR) order

A

Written documentation by a physician giving permission to medical personnel not to attempt resuscitation in the event of cardiac arrest.

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17
Q

Durable power of attorney for healthcare

A

A type of advance directive executed by a competent adult that appoints another individual to make medical treatment decisions on his or her behalf, in the event that the person making the appointment loses decision-making capacity.

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18
Q

Advance directive

A

Written documentation that specifies medical treatment for a competent patient should the patient become unable to make decisions; also called a living will or healthcare directive.

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19
Q

Dependent lividity

A

Blood settling to the lowest point of the body, causing discoloration of skin.

20
Q

Rigor mortis

A

The stiffening of body muscles caused by chemical changes within muscle tissue.

21
Q

Algor mortis

A

Cooling of the body until it matches the ambient air temperature

22
Q

Putrefaction

A

Decomposition of body tissues

23
Q

Definitive signs of death

A

Obvious mortal damage, dependent lividity, rigor mortis, algor mortis, putrefaction.

24
Q

Presumptive signs of death

A 
Unresponsiveness to painful stimuli 
Lack of a carotid pulse or heartbeat
Absence of chest rise and fall
No deep tendon or corneal reflexes 
Absence of pupillary reactivity
No systolic blood pressure
Profound cyanosis 
Lowered or decreased body temperature
25
Q

Standard of care

A

Written, accepted levels of emergency care expected by reason of training and profession; written by legal or professional organizations so that patients are not exposed to unreasonable risk or harm.

26
Q

Duty to act

A

A medicological term relating to certain personnel who either by statute or by function have a responsibility to provide care.

27
Q

Negligence factors

A

Duty, breach of duty, damages, causation

28
Q

Negligence

A

Failure to provide the same care that a person with similar training would provide in the same or a similar manner.

29
Q

Res ipsa loquitur

A

When the EMT or an EMS system is held liable even when the plaintiff is unable to clearly demonstrate how an injury occurred.

30
Q

Negligence per se

A

A theory that may be used when the conduct of the person being sued is alleged to have occurred in clear violation of a statute.

31
Q

Abandonment

A

The unilateral termination of care by the EMT without the patient’s consent and without making any provisions for contributing care by a medical professional who is competent to provide care for the patient.

32
Q

Assault

A

Unlawfully placing a person in fear of immediate bodily harm.

33
Q

Battery

A

Unlawfully touching a person.

34
Q

Kidnapping

A

The seizing, confining, abducting, or carrying away of a person by force.

35
Q

False imprisonment

A

The unauthorized confinement of a person that lasts for an appreciable amount of time.

36
Q

Defamation

A

The communication of false information that damages the reputation of a person.

37
Q

Slander

A

Defamation that is spoken.

38
Q

Libel

A

Defamation that is written.

39
Q

Good Samaritan law conditions

A
  1. You acted in good faith.
  2. You rendered care without expectation of compensation.
  3. You acted within the scope of your training.
  4. You did not act in a grossly negligent manner.
40
Q

Good Samaritan laws

A
41
Q

Ethics

A

The philosophy of right and wrong, or moral principles, and of ideal professional behavior.

42
Q

Morality

A

A code of conduct that can be defined by society, religion, or a person, affecting character and conscience and the definition of right versus wrong.

43
Q

Bioethics

A

The study of ethics related to issues that arise in health care.

44
Q

Applied ethics

A

The manner in which principles of ethics are incorporated into professional conduct.

45
Q

Statute of limitations

A

The time within which a claim must be initiated.

46
Q

Governmental immunity

A

Legal doctrine that can protect an EMS provider from being sued or that may limit the amount of the monetary judgment that the plaintiff may recover; generally applies only to EMS systems that are operated by municipalities or other governmental entities.

EMT (8 decks)

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