Chapter 3

Question 1

what are the three types of joints that allow little

or no motion?

Answer 1

a joint that allows very little or no motion is referred
to as a fibrous joint. the three types of fibrous joints
are synarthrosis, syndesmosis, and gomphosis

Question 2

what are the two terms for a joint that allows a

great deal of motion?

Answer 2

a joint that allows a great deal of motion is called a

synovial joint or diarthrosis

Question 3

what are the three features that describe diarthrodial joints?

Answer 3

number of axes, shape of the joint, joint motion involved

Question 4

what type of joint structure connects bone

to muscle?

Answer 4

tendon

Question 5

what type of joint structure pads and protects

areas of great friction?

Answer 5

bursa

Question 6

how does hyaline cartilage differ from fibrocartilage? give an example of each type of cartilage

Answer 6

hyaline cartilage is located on the bone ends of
synovial joints and provides a smooth articulating
surface. fibrocartilage is thicker and is located
between bones. fibrocartilage provides shock
absorption and spacing. examples of fibrocartilage
are the menisci of the knee and the disks of the
vertebrae

Question 7

when the anterior surface of the forearm moves
toward the anterior surface of the humerus, what
joint motion is involved? in what plane is the
motion occurring? around what axis?

Answer 7

the joint motion involved is elbow flexion; it

occurs in the sagittal plane around the frontal axis

Question 8

what joint motions are involved in turning the
palm of the hand? in what plane and around what
axis does that joint motion occur?

Answer 8

forearm pronation; it occurs in the transverse plane around the
vertical axis

Question 9

what joint motion is involved in returning the fingers to anatomical position from the fully spread position? in what plane and around what axis does the joint motion occur?

Answer 9

finger (MP) adduction; it occurs in the frontal plane around the
sagittal axis

Question 10

identify the 11 degrees of freedom of the upper

extremity

Answer 10

shoulder = 3, elbow = 1, radioulnar = 1, wrist = 2,
MCP = 2, PIP = 1, DIP = 1

Question 11

give an example of a synarthrodial joint in the

axial skeleton

Answer 11

bones in the skull

Question 12

diarthrodial, synovial, triaxial, and ball-and-socket are
all terms that could be used to describe which joint
of the upper extremity? could these same terms
apply to a joint in the lower extremity? if so, what
joint is it?

Answer 12

shoulder joint; yes; hip joint

Question 13

diarthrodial, synovial, biaxial, and saddle are all terms

that could be used to describe which joint?

Answer 13

CMC joint of thumb

Question 14

what are two joint terms that could be used to

describe the symphysis pubis?

Answer 14

amphiarthrosis and cartilaginous

Question 15

what joint structure surrounds and encases the

joint and protects the articular surfaces?

Answer 15

joint capsule