Chapter 2 Flashcards
what are the differences between the axial and
appendicular skeletons?
the axial skeleton contains no long or short bones,
whereas the appendicular skeleton contains no
irregular bones. The bones of the axial skeleton are
particularly important in providing support and
protection; the appendicular skeleton provides the
framework for movement
give one example of compact bone and one of cancellous bone
compact bone is found in the diaphysis of long
bones, and cancellous bone is found in the metaphysis and epiphysis. In other types of bone, cancellous bone is found sandwiched between layers of compact bone.
which is heavier, compact bone or cancellous
bone?
compact bone is heavier than cancellous bone
because it is less porous
what type of bone is mainly involved in an individual’s growth in height? in what portion of the bone does this growth occur?
an individual’s height growth occurs mainly in
long bones. The growth occurs at the epiphysis of
long bones
what is the purpose of sesamoid bone?
sesamoid bones protect tendons from excess wear. the patella has the additional function of increasing the angle of pull of the quadriceps muscle
bone markings classified as depressions and openings
foramen, fossa, groove, meatus, sinus
bone markings classified as projections or processes that fit into joints
condyle, eminence, facet, head
bone markings classified as projections or processes that attach connective tissue
crest, epicondyle, line, spine, trochanter, tuberosity, tubercle
bicipital groove
ditch-like depression
humeral head
rounded articular projection that fits into a joint
acetabulum
deep depression
what is the name of the membrane that lines the
medullary canal?
endosteum
the main shaft of bone is called what?
diaphysis
in children, does long bone growth occur at a traction epiphysis or at a pressure epiphysis?
pressure epiphysis
is the humerus part of the axial or appendicular
skeleton?
appendicular skeleton
