chapter 3

Question 1

revolution

Answer 1

keep in mind that the american colonists’ frustation at the british governments attitude toward civil liberties led to war and violent action. paying taxes was also apart of the revolutionary equation.

Question 2

republic

Answer 2

a representative democracy. it is a social order or form of government in which sovereignty rests with the people, who elect individuals to represent them in lawmaking and other decisions.

Question 3

the declaration of independence

Answer 3

the official document that declared our freedom from king George and the british government

Question 4

bill of rights

Answer 4

the first ten amendments to the constitution ratified in 1791. it establishes basic guarantees, such as the right to trial by jury and the right to petition the government. these amendments guarantee the basic rights of americans

Question 5

federalist papers

Answer 5

a series of eighty five essays that appeared in new york newspapers that argued for the ratification of our current constitution

Question 6

shays rebellion

Answer 6

a protest by massachusetts farmers in 1786 against mortgage foreclosures and high taxes. the rebellion was led by captain david shays. lasted for nearly a year until it was put down by the state militia. the rebellion reinforced the need for a stronger central government

Question 7

articles of confederation 1781

Answer 7

created our first central government and constitution and remained in effect until 1788. the document did not have the power to tax or to regulate commerce. it was unable to address the economic problems of the nation.

Question 8

judicial review

Answer 8

this is the power of courts to declare legislative and executive actions unconstitutional. the power of a court to review laws or governmental regulations

Question 9

popular sovereignty

Answer 9

the belief that the people are the source of all legal authority

Question 10

constitutional convention

Philadelphia in may 1787

Answer 10

the virginia plan: 15 resolutions presented by james madison and edmund randolph of virginia. called for a bicameral, national legislature.
the new jersey plan: william paterson of new jersey presented a series of resolutions to preserve the basic elements of our confederate system. 55 delegates selected by states to revise the articles of confederation. the result of the convention was the creation of an entirely new constitution, ratified in 1788.

Question 11

constitutional democracy

Answer 11

limits those who govern and basically allows for the people to be heard through free, fair and frequent elections.

Question 12

Connecticut compromise

Answer 12

where each state would have two senators; and where the house of representatives, or the lower house would be determined by population.

Question 13

three fifths compromise

Answer 13

the measure for states to count black slaves as part of the population, to determine representation and taxation for the national government

Question 14

electoral college

Answer 14

the group of electors chosen in each state in the november voting. responsible for electing the president and vice president.

Question 15

electoral college

Answer 15

the group of electors chosen in each state in the November voting. responsible for electing the president and vice president.

Question 16

separation of powers

Answer 16

organization of the legislative executive and judicial functions of government, characterized by the creation of independent institutions to perform those functions.

Question 17

the federalists

Answer 17

supported the new government (james madison, alexander hamilton, john jay, and john adams)

Question 18

antifederalists

Answer 18

opponents of the constitution of 1787 who wanted to preserve the authority of state government (george cliton, richard henry lee, elbridge gerry, william grayson, partrick henry, and william findley)

Question 19

amendment process

Answer 19

the way that we can change teh US constitution. a formal addition to the constitution that changes on of its sections, or adds matters that were not included in the original document. amendments can be proposed using two methods. a two third vote of both houses of congress; a national convention called by the congress. in order for ratification: the legislatures of three fourths of the states. The constitution is flexible enough to change or adapt to our times or needs. however, our basic governmental principles are still embodied in this remarkable document.

Question 20

amendment process

Answer 20

the way that we can change the US constitution. a formal addition to the constitution that changes on of its sections, or adds matters that were not included in the original document. amendments can be proposed using two methods. a two third vote of both houses of congress; a national convention called by the congress. in order for ratification: the legislatures of three fourths of the states. The constitution is flexible enough to change or adapt to our times or needs. however, our basic governmental principles are still embodied in this remarkable document.