Chapter 29 (Polymerisation) Flashcards
Describe addition polymerisation
Forms when unsaturated monomers (alkenes) react to form a polymer
Why are polyalkanes chemically inert?
Strong C-C and C-H bonds and non-polar nature of bonds
Describe condensation polymerisation
Two different monomers add together and a small product given off as side product
What are the products when a carboxylic acid and alcohol form?
Ester and water
What is formed when an acyl chloride reacts with alcohol?
Ester and HCl
What is formed when a dicarboxylic acid reacts with a diamine?
Poly(amide) and water
What is formed when a diacyl chloride reacts with a diamine?
Poly(amide) and HCl
What reaction breaks down condensation polymers?
Hydrolysis
What type of intermolecular forces are between polyester molecules?
Permanent dipole between C=O and Van der Waals between chains
What type of intermolecular forces are between polyamides molecules?
Hydrogen bonding between oxygen in C=O and the H in N-H as well as Van der Waals.
What are the pros and cons of landfill?
Pros:
Buried at specific site
Biodegradable polymers will slowly degrade
Cons:
Limited land available
Gas emissions
Slow degradation of plastics
Leaching of toxic chemicals
What are the pros and cons of incineration?
Pro:
Less space than landfill
Energy released from burning can generate electricity
Prevents build up of polymers in the environment
Cons:
Increase in CO2 which is greenhouse gas
Toxic gas emissions to atmosphere
Particulates
What are the pros and cons of Recycling?
Pros:
Reduction of waste going to land fill
Reuse and conserve raw materials such as limited hydrocarbon resources
Cons:
Collection, sorting, separating and remoulding all require energy
Expensive
