Chapter 29 Infection Prevention And Control

Question 1

What is the most effective way to control transmission of infection?

1. Isolation precautions
2. Identifying the infectious agent
3. Hand hygiene practices
4. Vaccinations

Answer 1

3. Hand hygiene practices

Question 2

Put the following steps for removal of protective barriers after leaving an isolation room in order.

1. Remove gloves
2. Perform hand hygiene
3. Remove eyewear or goggles
4. Untie top and then bottom mask strings and remove from face
5. Untie waist and neck strings of gown. Remove gown, rolling it onto itself without touching the contaminated side

Answer 2

1. Remove gloves
2. Remove eyewear or goggles
3. Untie waist and neck strings of gown. Remove gown, rolling it onto itself without touching the contaminated side
4. Untie top and then bottom mask strings and remove from face
5. Perform hand hygiene

Question 3

A pt who has been isolated for C.diff asks you to explain what he should know about this organism. What is the most appropriate information to include in patient teaching? (Select all that apply)

1. The organism is usually transmitted through the fecal-oral route
2. Hands should always be cleaned with soap and water versus alcohol-based hand sanitizer
3. Everyone coming into the room must be wearing a gown and gloves
4. While the pt is in contact precautions, he cannot leave the room
5. C. Diff dies quickly once outside the body

Answer 3

1. The organism is usually transmitted through the fecal-oral route
2. Hands should always be cleaned with soap and water versus alcohol-based hand sanitizer
3. Everyone coming into the room must be wearing a gown and gloves

Question 4

Your assigned patient has a leg ulcer that has a dressing on it. During your assessment you find that the dressing is saturated with purple tissue drainage. Which action would be best on your part?

1. Reinforce dressing with a clean, dry dressing and call the health care provider
2. Remove wet dressing and apply new dressing using terrible procedure
3. Put on gloves before removing the old dressing; then obtain a wound culture
4. Remove saturated dressing with gloves, remove gloves, then perform hand hygiene and apply new gloves before putting on a clean dressing.

Answer 4

4. Remove saturated dressing with gloves, remove gloves, then perform hand hygiene and apply new gloves before putting on a clean dressing

Question 5

A family member is providing care to a loved one who has an infected leg wound. What should the nurse instruct the family member to do after providing care or handling contaminated equipment or organic material?

1. Wear gloves before eating or handling food
2. Place any solid materials into a bag and double bag it
3. Have the family member check with the health care provider about need for immunization
4. Perform hand hygiene after care and/or handling contaminated equipment or material

Answer 5

4. Perform hand hygiene after care and/or handling contaminated equipment or material

Question 6

A patient is diagnosed with MRSA pneumonia. Which type of isolation precaution is most appropriate for this pt?

1. Reverse isolation
2. Droplet precautions
3. Standard precautions
4. Contact precautions

Answer 6

2. Droplet precautions

Question 7

A patient is isolated for pulmonary tuberculosis. The nurse notes that the patient seems to be angry, but he knows that this is a normal response to isolation. Which is the best intervention?

1. Provide a dark, quite room to calm the pt
2. Reduce the level of precautions to keep the patient from becoming angry
3. Explain the reasons for isolation procedures and provide meaningful stimulation
4. Limit family and other caregiver visits to reduce the risk of spreading the infection

Answer 7

3. Explain the reasons for isolation procedures and provide meaningful stimulation

Question 8

When should a nurse wear a mask? (Select all that apply)

1. The patients dental hygiene is poor
2. The nurse is assisting with an aerosolizing respiratory procedure such as suctioning
3. The pt has acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and a congested cough
4. The pt is in droplet precautions
5. The nurse is assisting a health care provider in the insertion of a central line catheter

Answer 8

2. The nurse is assisting with an aerosolizing respiratory procedure such as suctioning
3. The pt is in droplet precautions
4. The nurse is assisting a health care provider in the insertion of a central line catheter

Question 9

Which type of PPE are staff required to wear when caring for a pediatric pt who is placed into airborne precautions for confirmed chickenpox/herpes zoster? (Select all that apply)

1. Disposable gown
2. N 95 respirator mask
3. Face shield or goggles
4. Surgical mask
5. Gloves

Answer 9

1. Disposable gown
2. N 95 respirator mask
3. Gloves

Question 10

The infection control nurse has asked the staff to work on reducing the number of iatrogenic infections on the unit. Which of the following actions on your part would contribute to reducing health care-acquired infections? (Select all that apply)

1. Teaching correct hand washing to assigned pts
2. Using correct procedures in starting and caring for an intravenous infusion
3. Providing perineal care to a patient with an in dwelling urinary catheter
4. Isolating a pt who has been diagnosed as having TB
5. Decreasing a pts environmental stimuli to decrease nausea

Answer 10

1. Teaching correct hand washing to assigned pts
2. Using correct procedures in starting and caring for an intravenous infusion
3. Providing perineal care to a patient with an in dwelling urinary catheter

Question 11

Which of the following actions by the nurse comply with core principles of surgical asepsis? (Select all that apply)

1. Set up sterile field before pt and other staff come to the operating suite
2. Keep the sterile field in view at all times
3. Consider the outer 2.5 cm (1 inch) of the sterile field as contaminated
4. Only health care personnel within the sterile field must wear PPE
5. The sterile gown much be put on before the surgical scrub is performed

Answer 11

2. Keep the sterile field in view at all times

3. Consider the outer 2.5 cm (1 inch) of the sterile field as contaminated

Question 12

A patient has an in dwelling urinary catheter. Why does an in dwelling urinary catheter present a risk for urinary tract infection? (Select all that apply)

1. It allows migration of organisms into the bladder
2. The insertion procedure is not done under sterile conditions
3. It obstructs the normal flushing action of urine flow
4. It keeps an incontinent pt’s akin dry
5. The outer surface of the catheter is not considered sterile

Answer 12

1. It allows migration of organisms into the bladder

3. It obstructs the normal flushing action of urine flow

Question 13

What does it mean when a patient is dx with a multidrug-resistant organism in his or her surgical ward wound? (Select all that apply)

1. There is more than one organism in the wound that is causing the infection
2. The antibiotics the pt has received are not strong enough to kill the organism
3. The pt will need more than one type of antibiotic to kill the organism
4. The organism has developed a resistance to one or more broad-spectrum antibiotics, indicating that the organism
5. There are no longer any antibiotic options available to treat the pts infection

Answer 13

2. The antibiotics the pt has received are not strong enough to kill the organism
3. The organism has developed a resistance to one or more broad-spectrum antibiotics, indicating that the organism

Question 14

A pts surgical wound has become swollen, red, and tender. The nurse notes that the patient has a new fever, purulent wound drainage, and leukocytes is. Which interventions would be appropriate and in what order?

1. Notify the health care provider of the pts status
2. Reassure the pt and recheck the wound later
3. Support the pts fluid and nutritional needs
4. Use aseptic technique to change dressing

Answer 14

4. Use aseptic technique to change dressing
5. Reassure the pt and recheck the wound later
6. Notify the health care provider of the pts status
7. Support the pts fluid and nutritional needs

Question 15

Which of these statements are true regarding disinfection and cleaning? (Select all that apply)

1. Proper cleaning requires mechanical removal of all soil from an object or area
2. General environmental cleaning is an example of medical asepsis
3. When cleaning a wound, wipe around the wound edge first and then clean inward toward the center of the wound
4. Cleaning in a direction from the least to the most contaminated area helps reduce infections
5. Disinfecting and sterilizing medical devices and equipment involve the same procedures

Answer 15

1. Proper cleaning requires mechanical removal of all soil from an object or area
2. General environmental cleaning is an example of medical asepsis
3. Cleaning in a direction from the least to the most contaminated area helps reduce infections