Chapter 29 - Fungi Flashcards
Why do we study fungi?
Ecological, agriculturally, medically, and environmentally benefits
Explain the carbon cycle relationship with fungi?
Fungi digests lignin and cellulose to obtain carbon containing nutrients. The carbon-containing nutrients returned to the carbon cycle. Carbon atoms are then released during cellular respiration by plants and other organisms. Then, carbon atoms are fixed by plants during photosynthesis. Lastly, carbon atoms stored in plant bodies both living and death.
What is another word for decomposers?
Saprophytes (they eat on dead organisms)
What is an exoenzyme?
they are synthesized inside the cell ad then serrated out. Their main function is to break down complex macromolecules into smaller unites to be taken up by the cell fir growth.
Exoenzymes liberate what compounds?
Carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus compounds
What kind of fungi rots on fruit and vegetables?
Saprophytic fungi
Can fungi be parasitic?
Yes
Pneumocystis carnii causes what infection?
Pneumonia
Candida thrush causes what infection?
Yeast Infection
Trichophyton causes what infection(s)?
Athlete’s foot and ringworm
Psilocybe is also known as…..
magic mushrooms
Cyclosporin is also known as the wonder drug. Explain what the drug entails.
It is an immunosuppressant isolated from the Tolypodcladium inflatum.
SEM “bread mold” has a type of medicine derived from it; what is it?
Pencillium
What are three examples of fungi that are used for cooking?
Button mushroom , shitake mushroom, and bakers yeast (saccharomyces cerevisiae)
What is lichen?
They are shrubby, crusty, or leafy biomonitors that come pigmented. They are classified as part algae and part cyanobacteria.
What is the mutualism relationship with plants and fungi?
Mycorhizzae which is also known as the fungi root and its main purpose is to increase the are of the root. Fungi also gets carbohydrates.
What are characteristics of fungi?
Eukaryotic, most multicellular, nonvascular, reproduction by means by spores, and mostly non motile
-no chlorophyll
-hyphae
-they store glycogen
-cell wall is made up of chitin (provide structural stability)
What type of fungi is motile?
Chytrids
Ergosterol is in the membranes of fungi. What is the purpose?
Target for antifungal drug
Trypansomes are protozoans that cause _____________________
African sleeping sickness
What is hyphae?
long, branching, filamentous structure that absorb nutrients and release enzymes
What is mycelia?
Filamentous structures that have a huge surface area for absorption. They have extensive, feeding web
What does septtate, aseptate, and coenocytic mean?
Septate: have cross walls
Aseptate: no cross walls: lots of nuclei
Coenocytic: many nucleated cells
Fungi are classified as _________________. How do they get their energy?
Heterotrophic; By absorption
