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BIO 104 > Chapter 28 > Flashcards

Chapter 28 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Key Characteristic of notochords

A
  • Anus develops from the blastospore and the mouth from a second opening
  • Can spew from both ends
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2
Q

Key characteristics of Echinodermata

A
  • Ring canal connects to the eusphogus
  • Branches into 5
  • separate sexes
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3
Q

Members of Echinodermata

All 
October
Eskimos
Hate
Cold
A 
Aestroidea -Starfish
Ophiuroidea -Brittlestars
Echinodea - Sea urchins/sand dollars
Holothuroidea - Sea cucumbers
Crinoidea - Sea lilies and feather stars
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4
Q

Key Characteristics of Chordata

A
  • Notochord
  • Dorsal nerve cord
  • Slits or clefts
  • Muscular post anal tail
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5
Q

What are gnathostomes?

A

Jawed vertebrates!

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6
Q

Members of Gnathostomes?

A

Two types of fish:

  • Chonrichthyians (cartilaginous)
  • Osteichthyes ( Bony fish)
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7
Q

Chonrichthyians members

A

Sharks, skates, rays, chimeras

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8
Q

How shark eggs develop?

3 ways

A

Oviparous - Outside
Ovoviparous - inside embryo in uterous
viviparous - inside embyro in uterus but connected by placenta

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9
Q

Osteichthyes members?

A

Ray finned fish

lobe finned fish

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10
Q

Osteichthyes: fish characteristics

A
  • Bony endosketeton
  • Vertebrates
  • Breathe through operculum
  • Swim bladder (buoyancy)
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11
Q

Tetrapods characteristics (eg) Amphibians

A

Four limbs with digits

Ears for detecting sound

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12
Q

Derived characteristics of vertebraes

A
  • Vertebrae enclosing a spinal cord
  • Elaborate skull
  • Fin rays in aquatics
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13
Q

What are aminotes?

A

Include: Reptiles, birds and mamals

- Amphibians split 350 mya

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14
Q

First major group of reptiles

A

Parareptiles

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15
Q

Two main lineages of Diapsids

A

Lepidosaurs

Archosaurs

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16
Q

Members of lepidosaurs

A

lizards, snakes, tuataras

17
Q

Members of archosaurs

A

Crocodiles, dinosaurs, pterosaurs, birds

18
Q

Major adaptations of brids?

A
  • lack of a bladder
  • one ovary
  • small gonads
  • loss of teeth
19
Q

When and what did birds derive from?

A
  • 150 mya

- Derived from theopods

20
Q

What differentiates mammals in the aniote clade?

A
  • Mamary glands - produce milk
  • Large brain
  • Hair
  • Differentiated teeth
21
Q

What did mammals evolve from?

A

Synapsids

22
Q

What lineages of mammals emerged by the cretaceous period?

A

Monotremes, Marsupials, eutherians

23
Q

Monotremes?

A
  • Egg laying mammals

eg) platypus

24
Q

Marsupials?

A
  • Develop in mother’s placenta

- Embryonic development while in a maternal pouch

25
Q

Eutherians?

A
  • Long period of pregnancy

- Embryonic development in uterus

BIO 104 (9 decks)

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