Chapter 28 Flashcards
Albumin maintains the ______ _____ of the blood so that plasma doesn’t leak into the tissues.
Osmotic pressure
_____ transport antibodies and protects the body against infection.
Globulins
____ is a protein that activates to become fibrin.
Fibrinogen
How long is the life span of a RBC?
128 days
_____ provide protection by immunity and inflammation properties.
WBC
How long is the life span of platelets?
8-10 days
What component of blood is important for blood clotting– works mostly by clumping together?
Platelets
____ is stored in the liver and released as needed.
Platelets
_____ is selective growth of stem cells to properly balance production of cells with destruction and loss.
Erythropoiesis
Myeloid cells consist of:
_______ (RBC)
Leukocytes (____)
________
Erythrocytes
WBC
Platelets
Lymphocytes are ____ cells.
Lymphoid
What are the different types of RBC?
Hemoglobin & reticulocytes
Lymphocytes can be __ cells or __ cells.
T or B
What are the 3 different types of globulins?
Alpha
Beta
Gamma
Where does the most macrophage activity occur?
Spleen
Kupuffer cells are made where?
Liver
The ____ plays an important role in immunologic function.
spleen
What are the 4 components of normal hemostasis?
- _____ response
- platelet ____ formation
- development of ____ clot on platelet plug by plasma clotting factors
- _____ of clot
Vascular
plug
fibrin
lysis
____ _____ ____ are always present in circulation in inactive forms until stimulated to initiate clotting through one of two pathways.
Plasma clotting factors
____ is the most powerful enzyme in the coagulation process because it converts ____ to fibrin.
Thrombin
fibrinogen
What helps keep blood fluid?
Anticoagulation
Anticoagulation occurs by two means:
_____: interfere with thrombin
_____: process that results in dissolution of the fibrin clot
Antithrombins
Fibrinolysis
What are some S/S of a hematologic condition?
extreme fatigue, delayed clotting, easy bruising, abnormal bleeding, joint pain
What are the most common hematologic studies?
CBC, PT, aPTT
What procedure consists of removing circulating stem cells?
Stem cell harvest
What are the different types of blood donation?
Directed
Standard
Autologous
Intraoperative blood salvage
Hemodilution
If there is a D (Rh) antigen present in the blood it is ____?
Postive
If there is NO sign of the D (Rh) antigen in blood it is known as ___?
negative
What diseases are potentially transmitted by blood transfusion?
Hepatitis (B or C)
HIV/AIDS
CMV**ensure immunocompromised pt gets CMV products
GVHD
Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease
What is the nursing management for a patient having a transfusion reaction?
STOP blood, assess pt, notify MD, return blood to BB, obtain labs as needed, document
What are some alternative treatments to use in place of a transfusion?
-growth factors
-erythropoietin
-granulocyte colony-stimulating factors (CSF)
-granulocyte-macrophage CSF
-thrombopoietin
What are some transfusion complications?
- ____ contamination
- febrile _____ reaction
- acute _____ reaction
- transfusion- associated ____ overload
- transfusion-related acute ____ injury
- delayed ___ reaction
-_____ reaction
bacterial
non hemolytic
hemolytic
circulatory
lung
hemolytic
allergic
