chapter 27.1

Question 1

weathering

Answer 1

the process that involves the physical or chemical breakdown of materials on earths surface

Question 2

soil

Answer 2

a mixture of weathered rock,inorganic matter, water, and air that is capable of supporting plant life

Question 3

erosion

Answer 3

the removal of surface material through the process of weathering

Question 4

sediment transport

Answer 4

the transport of granular particles by fluids

Question 5

deposition

Answer 5

when the erosional agent slows down or melts

Question 6

drainage basin

Answer 6

The land area that gathers water for a major river

Question 7

long shore current

Answer 7

the movement of water parallel to the shoreline

Question 8

what is weathering

Answer 8

the process that involves the physical or chemical breakdown of materials on earth´s surface

Question 9

do rocks weather at the same rate

Answer 9

no

Question 10

what are the two main factors that determine how fast a rock will weather

Answer 10

rock type, and landscape

Question 11

what are the two types of weathering

Answer 11

mechanical weathering, and chemical weathering

Question 12

what type of change happens with mechanical weathering

Answer 12

physical changes

Question 13

what type of change happens with chemical weathering

Answer 13

chemical changes

Question 14

what are the 3 specific types of mechanical weathering

Answer 14

frost wedging, biological activity, and collisions

Question 15

what causes frost wedging

Answer 15

water collects in the crocks of a rock that then freezes

Question 16

what is the cycle called during frost wedging

Answer 16

the rock will break apart

Question 17

what causes biology activity

Answer 17

plant and animal activity

Question 18

what cause weathering during collisions

Answer 18

when rocks fall from a cliff or tumble through turbulent rivers

Question 19

what is parent material

Answer 19

the material which soil forms

Question 20

what are soil horizons

Answer 20

the different layers of soil

Question 21

how many soil horizons are there

Answer 21

6

Question 22

true or false. all soils contain every soil horizons

Answer 22

false

Question 23

what does the first soil horizon contain

Answer 23

organic material

Question 24

what is the second horizon mostly made up of

Answer 24

minerals

Question 25

which layer does leaching occur

Answer 25

horizon e

Question 26

which horizon collects material from previous horizons

Answer 26

horizon b

Question 27

which layer is partially weathered bedrock

Answer 27

horizon c

Question 28

which layer is unweathered bedrock

Answer 28

horizon r

Question 29

which soil horizons make up the topsoil

Answer 29

horizons O and A

Question 30

which soil horizons make up the subsoil

Answer 30

horizons E and B

Question 31

what are the two types of chemical weathering

Answer 31

oxygen and water

Question 32

what are chemical changes due to oxygen

Answer 32

oxydation

Question 33

what are chemical changes due to water

Answer 33

hydrolysis

Question 34

what are specific soil horizons

Answer 34

o,a,e,b,c,and r

Question 35

which horizons make up the true soil

Answer 35

horizons O,A,E,and B