chapter 26.1 Flashcards
mineral
a naturally occurring inorganic solid with a crystalline form
streak
the color of a mineral in powdered form
cleavage
when a mineral breaks along preferred planes of weakness creating smooth parallel sides
fracture
minerals that break with irregular surfaces
hardness
the physical property that measures a minerals resistance to scratching
magma
molten rock material inside earth
a mineral is?
naturally occurring, inorganic solid, and crystalline form
what are the two most abundant elements that make up earths crust?
oxygen and silicon
what does inorganic mean?
materials that are non living
what does the arrangement of atom and the bonds between them reflect about a mineral
the way a mineral breaks, how hard it is, and what type of crystal shape it has
what are all the ways to identify minerals
luster, streak, hardness, cleavage, fracture, atomic arrangement, crystal shape
what are the two types of luster
metallic, and non metallic
how does metallic luster reflect light
it reflects very easily like chrome on a car or a piece of metal
how does nonmetallic luster reflect light
shines like glass or wacy
how do you perform a streak test
by rubbing a mineral on an unglazed white porcelain tile
what are the two types of breakage that can happen to minerals
cleavage, and fracture
what is the name of the scale to measure the hardness of a mineral
mohs scale of hardness
what is the number range on mohs scale of hardness
1-10
how many different crystal shape systems are there
6
minerals grow from the _____?
inside out
what are the three way minerals can form?
water, magma, evaporation
what are the two minerals groups
silicates, non-silicates
which mineral group is the most abundant in earths crust
silicates
what elements are silicates made of
silicon, oxygen
non silicates do not contain what element
silicon
what mineral is used to make glass
quartz
