chapter 27: vital signs Flashcards

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1
Q

four basic vital signs :

A

temperature
pulse
respiration
blood pressure

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2
Q

. When an increase in metabolism occurs (such as during strenuous exercise), vital sign measurements also typically increase.

t or f

A

true

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3
Q

One of your roles as a dental assistant is to inquire about and recognize these situations and help the patient relax before taking his or her vital signs.

t or f

A

true

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4
Q

is the degree of hotness or coldness of the body’s internal environment.

A

body temperature

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5
Q

The process of physical and chemical changes that take place in the production of the body’s heat is called

A

metabolism

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6
Q

A person’s lowest body temperature occurs in the early ____hours, and the highest temperature occurs in the ____.

A

morning

evening

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7
Q

The normal range of oral temperature of a resting adult is _______

A

97.6° F to 99° F (36.4°–37.3° C).

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8
Q

The thermometer can be placed in these places

A

under the tounge

  • in the ear
  • under the ar,
  • rectum
  • forehead
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9
Q

This technique allows you to take a patient’s temperature within the ear

(infrared signal is bounced off the eardrum and provdes accurate reading in 2 secinds)

popular with younger children bc of rapid measurement

A

tymphanic reading

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10
Q

this themometer uses the surface temperature of the artery on the forehead to determine the presence of a fever.

A

temporal scanner

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11
Q

is the rhythmic expansion of an artery each time the heart beats.

A

pulse

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12
Q

artery throughout the body has a pulse, although many pulses cannot be read because of their location.

t or f

A

true

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13
Q

the pulse can be felt in these seven areas of the body with light finger pressure :

A

RADIAL ARTERY ( wrist)

  • BRACHIAL ARTERY ( inner fold of the arm aka antecubital area)
  • CAROTID ARTERY (alongside larynx)
  • TEMPORAL artery ( temple)
  • FEMORAL ARTERY ( inside front of leg)
  • POSTERIOR TIBIAL ARTERY (behind ankle)
  • DORSALIS PEDIS ARTERY ( top of foot)
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14
Q

is the number of beats that occur during the counting period.

A

rate

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15
Q

describes the pattern of the beats, such as an occasional skipping, speeding up,

A

rhythm

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16
Q

is the force of the beat, such as a strong or a weak beat.

A

volume

17
Q

When taking a patient’s radial pulse, make sure the patient is positioned with his or her arm at the same level as or lower than the ___ .

A

heart

18
Q

Irregularity in the force or rhythm of the heartbeat

A

arrythmia

19
Q

is the process of inhaling and exhaling, or breathing

A

respiration

20
Q

During respiration, oxygen is taken into the body and ____ ____ is released as a waste product.

A

carbon dioxide

21
Q

The normal respiration rate for a relaxed adult is __ - __ breaths per minute.

and __ - __ for children and teenager

A

10-20

18-30

22
Q

refers to the amount of labor the heart must exert to pump blood throughout the body.

A

blood pressure

23
Q

The first sound ____indicates the
____ pressure that is required for the left ventricle of the heart to compress or push oxygenated blood out into the blood vessels

A

systole

systolic

24
Q

The second _____ is the

______ pressure, which reflects the heart muscle at rest,

A

diastole

diastolic

25
Q

includes the blood pressure cuff and meter; it is used to measure blood pressure

A

sphygmomanometer

26
Q

is used to amplify sounds referred to as Korotkoff sounds.

A

stethoscope

27
Q

Using the electronic blood pressure device is compared to using the sphygmomanometer without the ________.

A

stethoscope

28
Q

is a procedure used for measuring the concentration of oxygen in the blood

(for monitoring oxygenation and pulse rate throughout anesthesia and during the recovery phase.)

A

oximetry

29
Q

A fit, healthy person should have an oxygen saturation level between ___ & ____ %

A

95-99%

30
Q

is a measure the electrical activity of the heartbeat by the procedure of electrocardiography

A

The electrocardiogram (ECG; sometimes called EKG)

31
Q

occurs when the rate or rhythm of the heartbeat is altered.

A

sinus arrythmia

32
Q

occurs when the atria contracts before the next cardiac cycle begins.

(more common to see this with a patient who smokes o)r who consumes a large amount of caffeine.

A

atrial arrythmia

33
Q

is seen when the atria are beating at an extremely rapid rate.

An example would be up to 300 beats per minute. This can be reversed with medication to slow the heart.

A

atrial flutter

34
Q

such as premature ventricular contractions (PVCs), occurs when the ventricles contract before the next cardiac cycle

A

ventricular arrythmia

35
Q

also referred to as V-tach, occurs when the ventricles are beating at an extremely fast rate.

A

ventricular tachycardia

36
Q

also referred to as V-fib, is the most critical and life-threatening arrhythmia. This will result in death if not treated

A

ventricular fibrillation

37
Q

is the result of no heartbeat and a flat line on the ECG.

A

asystole