chapter 27: vital signs

Question 1

four basic vital signs :

Answer 1

temperature
pulse
respiration
blood pressure

Question 2

. When an increase in metabolism occurs (such as during strenuous exercise), vital sign measurements also typically increase.

t or f

Answer 2

true

Question 3

One of your roles as a dental assistant is to inquire about and recognize these situations and help the patient relax before taking his or her vital signs.

t or f

Answer 3

true

Question 4

is the degree of hotness or coldness of the body’s internal environment.

Answer 4

body temperature

Question 5

The process of physical and chemical changes that take place in the production of the body’s heat is called

Answer 5

metabolism

Question 6

A person’s lowest body temperature occurs in the early ____hours, and the highest temperature occurs in the ____.

Answer 6

morning

evening

Question 7

The normal range of oral temperature of a resting adult is _______

Answer 7

97.6° F to 99° F (36.4°–37.3° C).

Question 8

The thermometer can be placed in these places

Answer 8

under the tounge

• in the ear
• under the ar,
• rectum
• forehead

Question 9

This technique allows you to take a patient’s temperature within the ear

(infrared signal is bounced off the eardrum and provdes accurate reading in 2 secinds)

popular with younger children bc of rapid measurement

Answer 9

tymphanic reading

Question 10

this themometer uses the surface temperature of the artery on the forehead to determine the presence of a fever.

Answer 10

temporal scanner

Question 11

is the rhythmic expansion of an artery each time the heart beats.

Answer 11

pulse

Question 12

artery throughout the body has a pulse, although many pulses cannot be read because of their location.

t or f

Answer 12

true

Question 13

the pulse can be felt in these seven areas of the body with light finger pressure :

Answer 13

RADIAL ARTERY ( wrist)

• BRACHIAL ARTERY ( inner fold of the arm aka antecubital area)
• CAROTID ARTERY (alongside larynx)
• TEMPORAL artery ( temple)
• FEMORAL ARTERY ( inside front of leg)
• POSTERIOR TIBIAL ARTERY (behind ankle)
• DORSALIS PEDIS ARTERY ( top of foot)

Question 14

is the number of beats that occur during the counting period.

Answer 14

rate

Question 15

describes the pattern of the beats, such as an occasional skipping, speeding up,

Answer 15

rhythm

Question 16

is the force of the beat, such as a strong or a weak beat.

Answer 16

volume

Question 17

When taking a patient’s radial pulse, make sure the patient is positioned with his or her arm at the same level as or lower than the ___ .

Answer 17

heart

Question 18

Irregularity in the force or rhythm of the heartbeat

Answer 18

arrythmia

Question 19

is the process of inhaling and exhaling, or breathing

Answer 19

respiration

Question 20

During respiration, oxygen is taken into the body and ____ ____ is released as a waste product.

Answer 20

carbon dioxide

Question 21

The normal respiration rate for a relaxed adult is __ - __ breaths per minute.

and __ - __ for children and teenager

Answer 21

10-20

18-30

Question 22

refers to the amount of labor the heart must exert to pump blood throughout the body.

Answer 22

blood pressure

Question 23

The first sound ____indicates the
____ pressure that is required for the left ventricle of the heart to compress or push oxygenated blood out into the blood vessels

Answer 23

systole

systolic

Question 24

The second _____ is the

______ pressure, which reflects the heart muscle at rest,

Answer 24

diastole

diastolic

Question 25

includes the blood pressure cuff and meter; it is used to measure blood pressure

Answer 25

sphygmomanometer

Question 26

is used to amplify sounds referred to as Korotkoff sounds.

Answer 26

stethoscope

Question 27

Using the electronic blood pressure device is compared to using the sphygmomanometer without the ________.

Answer 27

stethoscope

Question 28

is a procedure used for measuring the concentration of oxygen in the blood

(for monitoring oxygenation and pulse rate throughout anesthesia and during the recovery phase.)

Answer 28

oximetry

Question 29

A fit, healthy person should have an oxygen saturation level between ___ & ____ %

Answer 29

95-99%

Question 30

is a measure the electrical activity of the heartbeat by the procedure of electrocardiography

Answer 30

The electrocardiogram (ECG; sometimes called EKG)

Question 31

occurs when the rate or rhythm of the heartbeat is altered.

Answer 31

sinus arrythmia

Question 32

occurs when the atria contracts before the next cardiac cycle begins.

(more common to see this with a patient who smokes o)r who consumes a large amount of caffeine.

Answer 32

atrial arrythmia

Question 33

is seen when the atria are beating at an extremely rapid rate.

An example would be up to 300 beats per minute. This can be reversed with medication to slow the heart.

Answer 33

atrial flutter

Question 34

such as premature ventricular contractions (PVCs), occurs when the ventricles contract before the next cardiac cycle

Answer 34

ventricular arrythmia

Question 35

also referred to as V-tach, occurs when the ventricles are beating at an extremely fast rate.

Answer 35

ventricular tachycardia

Question 36

also referred to as V-fib, is the most critical and life-threatening arrhythmia. This will result in death if not treated

Answer 36

ventricular fibrillation

Question 37

is the result of no heartbeat and a flat line on the ECG.

Answer 37

asystole