Chapter 27 - urinary system

Question 1

functions of the urinary system

Answer 1

• form/store urine
• excrete urine
• blood volume regulation
• erythrocyte production

Question 2

urinary organs

Answer 2

• kidneys
• ureters
• urinary bladder
• urethra

Question 3

what are the kidneys surrounded by for protection

Answer 3

fat

Question 4

ureters

Answer 4

• carries urine to the urinary bladder

- made of transitional epithelium and smooth muscle

Question 5

urethra

Answer 5

• exit lets pee out

- connects bladder to exterior

Question 6

layers of the kidney

Answer 6

• fibrous capsule (outer layer)
• perinephric fat (1st fat layer)
• renal fasia (thin layer)
• paranepheric fat (2nd fat layer)

Question 7

cortex

Answer 7

outer region of kidney

Question 8

medulla

Answer 8

inner region of kidney

Question 9

pyramids

Answer 9

triangle parts of kidney

Question 10

lobes

Answer 10

pyramids and cortex together

Question 11

renel pelvis

Answer 11

where the calyces empty into

Question 12

glomerulus

Answer 12

big ball of capillaries

Question 13

how the urine gets through kidneys

Answer 13

• made in lobes
• enters minor calyces
• major calyces
• ureters
• then bladder

Question 14

nephron

Answer 14

• functional units of the kidney

- filtration of blood

Question 15

2 types of nephrons

Answer 15

• cortical (most in cortex)

- juxtamedullary (most in medulla)

Question 16

2 layers in bowmans capsule

Answer 16

• visceral

- parietal

Question 17

visceral layer contains

Answer 17

• podocytes; pedicels

- filtration slits

Question 18

proximal convoluted tubule

Answer 18

• simple cuboidal

- microvilli

Question 19

loop of henle

Answer 19

• reabsorbs water and ions
• descending limb
• ascending limb

Question 20

descending limb

Answer 20

• thick (simple cuboidal)

- thin (simple squamous)

Question 21

ascending limb

Answer 21

-thin (simple squamous)

thick (simple cuboidal)

Question 22

distal convoluted tubule

Answer 22

• retain fluid
• simple cuboidal
• ADH acts here

Question 23

collecting duct

Answer 23

• simple cuboidal and columnar

- merge to form papillary duct

Question 24

layers of ureters

Answer 24

• mucosa
• muscularis
• adventitia

Question 25

trigone

Answer 25

triangle shape in urinary bladder

Question 26

rugae

Answer 26

folds on the inside of bladder

Question 27

detrusor muscle

Answer 27

smooth muscle on wall of bladder

Question 28

how many openings are in the urinary bladder

Answer 28

3

Question 29

layers of urinary bladder

Answer 29

- mucosa - submucosa - muscularis - adventitia

Question 30

2 sphincters in the urethra

Answer 30

- internal (smooth muscle) | - external (skeletal muscle)

Question 31

how is the male urethra different from female

Answer 31

longer and it has the prostate

Question 32

parts of the renal corpusal

Answer 32

- bowmans capsule - afferent arteriole - efferent arteriole - glomerulus