Chapter 27-Empire And Expansion Flashcards
A foreign policy of Secretary of State James G. Blake aimed at rallying Latin American nations behind American leads ring and opening Latin American markets to Yankee Traders. The policy bore fruit in 1889, when Blaine presided over the First International Conference of American States
Big Sister Policy (608)
After decades of occasionally twisting the lion’s tail, American diplomats began to cultivate close, cordial relations with Great Britain at the end of the 19th century- a relationship that would intensify further during World War I
Great Rapprochement (609)
Shepherded through Congress by President William McKinley, this tariff raised duties on Hawaiian sugar and set off renewed efforts to secure the annexation of Hawaii to the United States
McKinley Tariff (609)
Cuban insurgents who sought freedom from colonial Spanish rule. Their destructive tactics threatened American economic interests in Cuban plantation and railroads.
Insurrections (610)
American battleship dispatched to keep a “friendly” watch over Cuba in early 1898. It mysteriously blew up in Havana harbor on February 15, 1898, with a loss of 260 sailors. Later evidence confirmed that the explosion was accidental, resulting from combustion in one of the ship’s internal coal bunkers. But many Americans, eager for war, insisted that it was the fault of a Spanish submarine mine
Maine (611)
A provision to president William McKinley’s war plans that proclaimed to the world that when the US had overthrown Spanish misrule, it would give Cuba its freedom. The amendment testified to the ostensibly “anti-imperialist” designs of the initial war plans
Teller Amendment (612)
Organized by Theodore Roosevelt, this was a colorful, Miley regiment of Cuban war volunteers consisting of western Cowboys, ex-convicts, and effete Ivy Leaguers. Roosevelt emphasized his experience with the regiment in subsequent campaigns for governor of New York and Vice President under William McKinley
Rough Riders (613)
A diverse group formed to protest American colonial oversight in the Philippines. it included university presidents, industrialists, clergymen, and labor leaders. Strongest in the Northeast, the Anti-Imperialist League was the largest lobbying organization on a US foreign-policy issue until the end of the 19th century. It declined in strength after the US signed the Treaty of Paris (which approved the annexation of the Philippines), and especially after hostilities broke out between Filipino nationalists and American forces
Anti-Imperialist League (617)
Sponsored by senator Joseph B. Foraker, a republican from Ohio, this accorded Puerto Ricans a limited degree of popular government. The first comprehensive congressional effort to provide for governance of territories acquired after the Spanish-American War, it served as a model for similar act adopted for the Philippines in 1902.
Foraker Act (617)
Beginning in 1901, a badly divide Supreme Court decreed in these cases that the Constitution did not follow the flag. In other words, Puerto Ricans and Filipinos would not necessarily enjoy all American rights
Insular Cases (620)
Following it s military occupation, the US successfully pressured the Cuban government to write this amendment into into constitution. It limited Cuba’s treaty-making abilities, controlled its debt, and stipulated that the US could intervene militarily to restore order when it saw fit
Platt Amendment (620)
A set of diplomatic letters in which the Secretary of Sate John Hay urged the great powers to respect Chinese rights and free and open competition within their spheres of influence. The notes establish the “Open Door policy” which sought to ensure access to the Chinese market for the US, despite the fact that it did not have a formal sphere of influence in China
Open Door note (623)
An uprising in China I reacted against foreign influence. It was supposed by an international force of some 18000 soldiers, including several thousand Americans. The boxer rebellion paved the way for the revolution of 1911, which led to the establishment of the Republic of China in 1912
Boxer Rebellion (623)
A treaty signed between the US and Great Britain giving Americans a free hand to build a canal in Central America. The treaty nullified in the Clayton-Bulwer treaty of 1850, which prohibited Britain or the US from acquiring territory in Central America
Hay-Pauncefote Treaty (627)
A brazen policy of preventative intervention advocated by Theodore Roosevelt in is Annual Message to Congress in 1904. Adding ballast to the Monroe Doctrine, his corollary stipulated that the US would retain a right to intervene in the domestic affairs of Latin American nations in order to restore milia tray and financial order
Roosevelt corollary (629)
Agreement by which the US and Japan agreed to respect each other’s territorial possession in the Pacific and to uphold Open Door in China. The agreement was credited with easing tensions between the two nations, but it also resulted in a weakened American influence over further Japanese hegemony in China
Root-Takahire agreement (633)
American clergyman who preached Anglo-Saxon superiority and called for stronger U.S. missionary effort overseas
Josiah Strong
American naval officer who wrote influential books emphasizing sea power and advocating a big navy
Alfred Thayer Mahan
Belligerent U.S. secretary of state who used the Monroe Doctrine to pressure Britain in the Venezuelan boundary crisis
Richard Olney
Native Hawaiian ruler overthrown in a revolution led by white planters and aided by U. S. troops
Queen Liliuokalani
Spanish general whose brutal tactics against Cuban rebels outraged American public opinion
Butcher Weyler
A U.S. Representative, Speaker of the United States House of Representatives, U.S. Senator from Maine, two-time Secretary of State. He was nominated for president in 1884, but lost a close race to Democrat Grover Cleveland.
James G. Blaine
Spanish minister in Washington, wrote a private letter to a friend concerning President McKinley and how he lacked good faith, forced to resign when Hearst discovered and published the letter
Dupuy de Lome
U.S. naval commander who led the American attack on the Philippines (Manila Bay)
George Dewey
Filipino rebel leader who joined U.S. troops in taking over Phillipine capital, Manila
Emilio Aguinaldo
27th president of the U.S.; he angered progressives by moving cautiously toward reforms and by supporting the Payne-Aldrich Tariff; he lost Roosevelt’s support and was defeated for a second term.
William H. Taft
American secretary of state who attempted to preserve Chinese independence and protect American interests in China
John Hay
Diplomat, moralizer, wielder of the big stick, “a combination of St. Paul and St. Vitus”
Theodore Roosevelt
